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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Characteristic: habitat of Porifera |
mostly marine, few freshwater forms; all aquatic. |
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Characteristic : body shapes of Porifera |
vaselike, globular, or many branched |
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Characteristic: type of symmetry of Porifera |
asymmetrical
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Characteristic: anatomy of Porifera |
-body with many pores (ostia), -canals, -chambers |
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Characteristic: internal anatomy of Porifera |
inner chambers/ interior surfaces lined with choanocytes |
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Characteristic: level of complexity in Porifera |
multicellular, no organs or definite tissues. |
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Characteristic: type of digestion in Porifera |
-intracellular -no excretory or respiratory organs -contractile vacuoles in some freshwater sponges. |
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Characteristic: type of nervous system in Porifera |
primitive system of neurons arranged in a diffuse network |
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Characteristic: type of skeleton in Porifera |
-calcareous or siliceous crystalline spicules -and/or protein spongin. |
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Characteristic: types of reproduction in Porifera |
-Asexual by buds or gemmules -sexual reproduction by eggs & sperm( produces a free swimming, ciliated larva) |
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choanocyte |
sticky, flagellated collar cell that moves water & nutrients into the sponge |
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spicules
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calcareous or siliceous support structures that form the skeleton of the sponge |
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spongin
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type of collagen that can surround spicules in the skeleton of the sponge |
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pinacoderm
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the outer layer of cells of the sponge body
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dermal ostia
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incurrent pores in the sponge body |
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spongocoel
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large chamber in the body of a sponge
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asconoid body type
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choanocytes lie inside of the spongocoel. most simple form |
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syconoid body type
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choanocytes lie in canals that lead to the spongocoel |
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leuconoid body type
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choanocytes occupy distinct chambers that eventually lead to the osculum. |
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osculum
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excurrent hole for water |
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most sponges follow this type of body plan |
leuconoid |
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the three classes of sponges |
Calcarea, Hexactinellida, Demospongiae |
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prosopyles
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tiny openings in the syconoid body that join radial canals |
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apopyle
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pores that lead from canals to spongocoel,in the syconoid body |
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this type of cell lines the syconoid spongocoel |
epithelial |
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mesohyl
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jelly like extracellular matrix
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connective “tissue” of sponges
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mesohyl |
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archaeocytes |
ameboid cells that move in the mesohyl |
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types of archaeocytes |
sclerocytes: secrete spicules, spongocytes: secrete spongin |
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pinacocytes
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epithelial like cells within the pinacoderm,regulate surface area |
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do sponges have tissues? |
no. the pinacoderm is the closest thing, but most sponges lack a basal membrane |
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myocytes |
modified pinacocytes that help regulate water flow around pores |
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somatic embryogenesis
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the ability to generate new sponges from fragments of a sponge |
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gemmule
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freshwater sponge bud covered with spongin,remains dormant until opportune conditions. (reduction body in marine sponges) |
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asexual reproduction in sponges |
external buds detach and float away; internal buds (gemmules/reduction bodies) encyst and wait for opportune conditions |
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sexual reproduction in sponges |
-release sperm into the water,enters canal system of another -choanocytes phagocytize the sperm, carry it thru the mesohyl to oocytes |
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parenchymula |
a solid bodied free swimming, ciliated larva of most demosponges |
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amphiblastula |
a hollow bodied, half ciliated stage in the development of syconoid sponge |
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what type of spicules do Class Calcarea have |
3 or 4 rays of calcium carbonate , single or branched |
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what body plan does Class Calcarea have |
all three , but most commonly asconoid |
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what body shapes do Class Calcarea have? |
small, tubular or vase shaped |
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Class Calcarea: marine or freshwater: |
all marine, shallow water |
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Class Calcarea: Examples: |
Scypha, Leucosolenia. |
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what type of spicules do Class Hexactinellida have? |
-six rayed siliceous spicules bound into a glasslike structure -cylindrical/ funnel shaped |
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Class Hexactinellida: habitat? |
mostly in deep marine water |
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Class Hexactinellida: Example?:
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Venus' flower basket (Euplectella) |
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which class of sponges is the largest?
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Demospongiae, 95%
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what type of spicules do Class Demospongiae have?
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siliceous spicules, spongin, or both.
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Class Demospongiae habitat?
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One family found in fresh water; all others marine. |
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Class Demospongiae Examples
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Cliona, Spongilla, Meyenia, and all bath sponges. |
