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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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CLASS?
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INSECTA
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SYMMETRY?
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Bilateral symmetry
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NUMBER OF GERM LAYERS?
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3
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METAMERISM?
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YES
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COELOM
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Yes- Reduced coelom, protostome
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SKELETAL SYSTEM?
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Body= head + thorax + abdomen
Chitinous exoskeleton |
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CEPHALIZATION?
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Highly developed, complex social patterns
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NERVOUS SYSTEM?
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Flattened ventral nerve cord beneath digestive tract, ventral and double.
There are ganglia along its length and strand like nerves branching outward from the ganglia. Brain consist of ganglia in the head, dorsal to the digestive tract and connected to the anterior end of the nerve cord True ganglia, true brain |
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DIGESTIVE SYSTEM?
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GI tract
Foregut- mouth → esophagus → crop → gizzard Midgut- digestive/gastric caeca Hindgut- ileum → colon → rectum Crop- can be dilated during feeding, has whitish flocculent salivary glands around the sides Gizzard- lined with chitinized teeth that grind food Digestive/gastric caeca- release digestive enzymes, therefore most of absorption and digestion occurs in the midgut Malpighian tubules- hindgut extends from the malpighian tubules to the anus |
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CIRCULATORY SYSTEM?
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Open circulatory system
Dorsal blood vessel- only circulatory vessel and it carries fluid plasma containing amoebocytes (hemolymph) anteriorly to the head. Then flows into cavities, which surround the internal organs. Hemolymph- flows posteriorly, where it is picked up by the dorsal vessel, hemolymph serves the functions of blood and interstitial lymph. Sinuses for nutrient and gas exchange |
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RESPIRATORYSYSTEM?
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Fluid plasma of the circulatory system does NOT carry oxygen in the insects- the respiratory system serves this function.
Air → spiracles → trachea → tracheoles |
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WHAT ARE SPIRACLES? WHAT IS THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO TRACHEA?
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Spiracles- where air enters, appear as dark holes along lateral margins of the thorax and abdomen, open externally, travels through a network of tubules called trachea- silvery tubules
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WHAT ARE TRACHEOLES?
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Tracheoles- more finely branched; extend to all parts of the cockroach’s body
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RESPIRATORY PIGMENT?
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NONE
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EXCRETORY SYSTEM?
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Malpighian tubules- located at the junction between the midgut and hindgut.
- Remove and excrete nitrogenous waste from the hemolymph - Interstitial fluid enters at the closed distal ends (in the coelom) and travel along the tubules. - Wastes empty into the lumen of the hindgut and are excreted. |
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SEXUAL CYCLE?
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Dioecious, internal fertilization
Males- pair of testes, vas deferens, accessory gland (looks like a white mop head) Female- pair of ovaries- each made up of 8 ovarian tubules (ovarioles), accessory gland- present and near base of oviduct. |
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ASEXUAL CYCLE?
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Parthenogenesis
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LOCOMOTION?
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Exoskeleton with jointed appendages, variable locomotion
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LAB/DISSECTION?
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Cockroach (Periplaneta Americana)
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ADDITIONAL INFO?
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Muscular system- muscles along dorsal vessel in the abdomen and thoracic cavity. More highly developed once they are utilized in locomotion of cockroach.
Tergal muscles, fat, tracheal trunks Terga- thickened plates on the dorsal surface External features- head: antennae, compound eyes, various mouthparts Thorax: wings, legs Abdomen: cerci, if male- styles Sex- male: rounded abdomen and paired styles Female: tapered abdomen with a ridge that is split to permit the release of large egg cases. Only invertebrate that can fly |
