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68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Fleas are in what class and what order?
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Class insecta
Order Siphonaptera |
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Flies are in what class and what order?
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Class Insecta
Order Diptera |
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Despite which class and order they belong to all Arthropods are
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Invertebrates
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Invertebrates have
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chitinous exoskeleton
segmented body and jointed limbs |
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Arthropods growth and maturation is accomplished via what 3 types of development
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Incomplete metamorphosis and complete metamorphosis as well as ametabolus
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What arthropods have incomplete metamorphosis?
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true bugs, lice, mites, and ticks.
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What arthropods have complete metamorphosis?
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fleas, flies
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What are the general stages of incomplete metamorphosis?
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egg to larva, to pupa, to adult
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Most fleas and flies spend the most of their time what stage?
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larva
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List some examples of deleterious effects of direct host-ectoparasite interactions.
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blood loss (exanguination), myiasis9tissue destrcution by maggots), skin inflammation and pruritus, toxic and allergic responses, suoffocation.
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List some examples of indirect - host ectoparasite interactions
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self multilation, secondary infection, stress, decreased production, entomophobia.
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List some examples of indirect- host- ectoparasite-pathogen-interactions
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vectors of disease-causing organisms such as nematodes, fungi, protozoa, bacteria, viruses.
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Arthropods can act as what 2 vectors
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Mechanical and Biological vectors
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Mechanical vectors occur when
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bugs crawl through feces, eggs or come in contact with other organisms and then pass off to animal. NO development or multiplication
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Biological vectors occur when
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when infective organisms undergo development or multiply within the vector. IE flies, bugs, fleas, lice ticks. Transmission after prolonged time span
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Class Insecta is also called
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Hexapoda
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Class Insecta constitutes what percentage of arthropods
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90%
31 orders |
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Members of class insecta have what general characteristics
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3 pairs of legs in adults,
3 body parts 2 pairs of wings (except flies, fleas and lice) 2 eyes Pair of antennae |
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Fleas are from what Order
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Siphonaptera
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How many described species of fleas are there?
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2500
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Fleas are
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laterally flattened wingless, obligate blood feeding insects.
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What stage of fleas are parasitic
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Male and female.
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Fleas are host ______?
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Preferential
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Flea blood feeding causes
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inflammation, pruritius, anemia or cutaneous hypersensitivity
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Adult fleas have what morphology?
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1/8 to 1/4 in size,
lateraly flattnend piercing-sucking mouthparts, identifiable adult morphology |
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What structures for geuns identification are used for fleas?
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combs, ctenidia (genal or pronotal)
eyes, mesopleural rod ocular bristle in front or below eye |
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Flea general life cycle is typically
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35 days
mostly in environment |
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Flea mating and egg laying occurs on the
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host
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Flea larvae pupate where
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within the cocoon and adult emerges ready to feed within 24 hours
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Generally the adult fleas spends its life
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on the host
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The Common Fleas of Veterinary Importance are from what families?
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Pulicidae
Ceratophyllidae |
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Flea Family Pulicidae have what genera
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ctenocephalidies, Pulex, Xenopsylla, Echidnophaga
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Flea Family Ceratophyllidae have what genera
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Nosopysllus, Petopsylla, Cedopsylla, Orchopease, Oropsylla
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Ctenocephalides has what 2 species
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C. felis
C. canis |
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C. felis and C. canis both have what morphology
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both genal and pronotol cones
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C. felis's true resistance may be overshadowed by
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reproductive capacity and feeding habits.
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Fleas can act as
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intermediate host of parasitic worms
biological vector mechanical vector |
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Tapeworm proper name
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dipylidium caninum
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Flea larvae receive tapeworm eggs how?
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by ingesting them from host feces.
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In the adult flea what larval stages of Diphylidium caninum develop
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L1 to L3 (infective stage
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Pulex irritans
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Pulex irritans
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Pulex irritans
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Pulex irritans
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Pulex irritans
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Xenopsylla
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Xenopsylla
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Fleas can act as intermidate host of parasitic worms and what other type?
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biological and mechanical vector of bacteria.
Bartonella henselae Mycoplasma haemofelis (hemobartonella) |
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:"human flea"
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P. irritans and P. simulans
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P. irritans can be found on what species?
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humans, dogs, cats, swine and wildlife
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Adult Pulex fleas do not have what?
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pronotal and genal combs
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Pulex adult fleas resemble what other flea and what are the differences?
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Xenopsylla
Pulex do not have mesopleuron rod. |
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Pulex life cycle similar to
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ctenocephalides
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Pulex control via
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modern pesticides - very susceptible
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Pulex fleas are involved in what diseases?
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Rickettsia typhi
murine typhus - hosts, rodents Yersinia pestis - plague |
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Xenopsylla cheopis is also called
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oriental rat flea - found in port cities
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Xenopsylla morphology
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No pronotal or genal comb, but does have a mesopleuron rod
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Xenopsylla fleas are vectors for
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Yersinia pestis
Rickettsia typhi |
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Plague in the US is usually transmitted via
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rodent flea, not dog or cat
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Echidnophaga gallinacea important in
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domestic poultry
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Echidnophaga gallinacea can kill young chicks by
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esanguination
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Echidnophaga gallinacea morphology
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angular head and no combs
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Echidonophaga attaches to host like
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tick and remains attached.
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Echidonophaga can potentially transmit
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plague and murine typhus, but because stay attached, not major vector
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Rodent fleas
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Nosopsyllus fasciatus
Leptosyllus segnis cediopsylla simplex Orchopeas howardii Oropsylla montana |
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Flea Allergy Dermatitis is primary caused by
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Ctenocephalides and Pulex
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FAD is a
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true hypersensitivity
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For dogs with FAD what type of flea control is not good
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The ones that require the flea to bite the animal
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