Photosynthesis Bio

Front 1

The electron transport chain in the mitochondria is found on the_____and protons are transported from the___into the ____. The electron transport chain in the chloroplast is found on the____and protons are transported from___into the ___.

Back 1

1.inner mitochondrial membrane

2.matrix

3.intermembranal space

4.thylakiod membrane

5. intemembranal space

Front 2

plants give off O2 because

Back 2

water is the initial proton donor, leaving O2 as a photosynthetic by-product.

Front 3

which of the following statements concerning rubisco is true?

Back 3

rubisco is an enzyme and rubisco catalyzes both the beginning steps of photorespiration and the Calvin-Benson cycle. Rubisco is the most abundant protein on earth.

Front 4

The net energy outcome of cyclic photophosphorylation is

Back 4

ATP

Front 5

In C4 plants, CO2 is first fixed into a compound called

Back 5

oxaloacetate

Front 6

the precise moment when light energy is captured in chemical energy is the point at which

Back 6

chlorophyll is oxidized

Front 7

Which of the following statements concerning the Calvin-Benson cycle is not true?

Back 7

light energy is not required for the cycle to proceed.

Front 8

The chemiosmotic hypothesis states that the energy for the production of ATP comes from

Back 8

proton gradient set up across the thylakoid membrane

Front 9

the Calvin-Benson cycle results in the production of

Back 9

G3P

the calvin cycle produces only G3P. G3P can be metabolized into storage products like sugar and starch

Front 10

Rubisco is an oxygenase as well as a carboxylase. When it catalyzes the oxygenation of RuBP, 2-phosphoglycolate is produced in addition to 3PG. The conversion of 2-phosphoglycolate, through photorespiration, reclaims some of the carbon but not all of it. In addition, the conversion uses ATP, which could otherwise be used in the conversion of 3PG to triose sugars.

True or False?

Back 10

True

Front 11

Which of the following best represent the components that are necessary for photosynthesis to take place?

Back 11

Chloroplasts, chlorophyll, visible light, water, and CO2. Chloroplasts are the site of the photosynthetic reactions; chlorophyll is excited by photons of light and serve as reaction centers for the photosystems; visible light is necessary to excite chlorophyll and accessory pigments; water is the initial electron donor for the pathway; and CO2 is necessary to make precursor molecules for energy storage.

Front 12

When RuBP reacts with O2,

Back 12

it can't react react with CO2

Front 13

Chlorophyll is suited for the capture of light energy because

Back 13

in its excited state chlorophyll gives off electrons.

certain wavelengths of light raise it to an excited state.

explanation: The "tails" of chlorophyll molecules are associated with the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplasts. This close membrane association assists with establishing the proton-motive force that will drive ATP synthesis. When excited by light, the chlorophyll moves into an excited state and passes electrons to acceptor molecules. This begins to set up the proton gradient across the membrane that will drive ATP synthesis.

certain wavelengths of light raise it to an excited state., in its excited state chlorophyll gives off electrons., chlorophyll's structure allows it to attach to thylakoid membranes.

Front 14

A graph that plots the rate at which CO2 is converted to glucose versus the wavelength of light illuminating a leaf is called

Back 14

an action spectrum.

Front 15

Which of the following statements regarding photorespiration is true?

a. Photorespiration is avoided when CO2 is abundant.

b. Photorespiration is a metabolically expensive pathway.

c. Photorespiration reduces the overall CO2 that is converted to carbohydrates.

Back 15

c.

explanation:

Photorespiration uses as much ATP as photosynthesis, but results in no energy gains for the plant and reduces net carbon fixation by 25 percent compared with the Calvin-Benson cycle. If CO2 is abundantly available, rubisco acts as a carboxylase rather than an oxygenase.The correct answer is: Photorespiration is a metabolically expensive pathway., Photorespiration is avoided when CO2 is abundant., Photorespiration reduces the overall CO2 that is converted to carbohydrates.

Front 16

Compared to long wavelength photons, short-wavelength photons have

Back 16

more energy

Front 17

Accessory pigments

Back 17

allow plants to absorb visible light of intermediate wavelengths.

Front 18

plants classified as CAM store CO2

Back 18

by making oxaloacetate

in malic acid

Front 19

Cyclic and noncyclic electron flow are used in plants to.

Back 19

meet the ATP demands of the Calvin-Benson cycle.

explanation:ATP is required at higher levels in the Calvin-Benson cycle than NADPH + H+ is; therefore, there must be a mechanism for producing additional ATP. Cyclic electron flow provides that mechanism. If noncyclic electron flow were to be sped up to meet ATP needs, an excess of NADPH + H+ would result. Shifting between cyclic and noncyclic flow balances ATP/NADPH + H+ ratios. The correct answer is: meet the ATP demands of the Calvin-Benson cycle., avoid producing excess NADPH + H+., balance ATP and NADPH + H+ ratios in the chloroplast.

Front 20

In noncyclic photophosphorylation, the chlorophyll in photosystem I is reduced by

Back 20

an electron from the transport chain of photosystem II.

Front 21

A range of energy that cannot be seen by human eyes, but which has slightly more energy per photon than visible light, is

Back 21

ultraviolet radiation

Front 22

The proton motive force in the chloroplast found in the___, while in the mitochondria it is found in the____.As hydrogen ions move down their electrochemical gradient ,across the__ of the chloroplast and the_____ of the mitochondria, work is done. The channel that hydrogen ions move through is found in the enzyme ATPsynthase. The work done by the movement of hydrogen ions down their electrochemical gradient is the regeneration of ATP from ADP + Pi. The formation of ATP occurs in the____ of the chloroplast and the _____

Back 22

1. thylakoid membrane

2.intermembranal space

3.thylakiod membrane

4.inner membrane

5.stroma

6. thylakoid lumen

Front 23

In ______ eukaryotes, the light reactions of photosynthesis occur on the __________ of the chloroplasts, while in cyanobacteria this occurs on internal membranes known as _______. In eukaryotes, there are three lineages of chloroplasts that are related to cyanobacteria. The chloroplast is an example of ______.

Back 23

autotrophic

thylakiod membrane

lamellae

endosymbiosis

Front 24

A photosystem is composed of a_______surrounded by ___________. Pigments are constructed so that___________ of electrons. The energy of excited electrons is transferred between pigments, and funneled to a reaction center by _________. When a special pair of reaction-center chlrophyll a molecules absorb energy, an electron pair is ___________ level and transferred to the primary electron acceptor. Photosystem II contains the ______reaction center, while Photosystem I contains the ______ reaction center.The

Back 24

reaction center complex

light harvesting pigments

photon excitement

resonance energy transfer

boosted to higher energy

p680

p700