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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Energy from the sun is stored in
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chemical bonds of molecules.
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When bonds are broken
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energy is released.
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Photosynthesis
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energy from the sun is used to produce sugar (or store it in the chemical bonds of sugars)
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Cellular Respiration
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-converts sugar into ATP (fuel of all living things)
-releases energy stored in chemical bonds to be used as fuel. |
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Energy
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capacity to do work
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Kinetic energy
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energy of moving objects
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What type of energy is light?
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Kinetic (movement of high energy particles)
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Potential energy
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stored energy & capacity to do work
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Chemical energy
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storage of energy in chemical bonds (type of potential energy)
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Thermodynamics
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study of the transformation of energy from one type to another (potential--->kinetic)
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First Law of Thermodynamics
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energy can never be created or destroyed, only change from one form to another
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Second Law of Thermodynamics
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every conversion of energy is not perfectly efficient and some energy transforms into heat
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Heat is useless for fueling cellular activity because
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it is not easily used to do work.
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ATP
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Adenosine Triphosphate
-free floating molecule found in cells -temporarily stores energy -3 components- sugar molecule (ribose) +adenine molecule + 3 negatively charged phosphate groups -energy stored between phosphate bonds |
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Phosphates in ATP break off due to
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instability (negatively charged particles repel)
energy is released from broken bonds |
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ADP
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Adenosine Diphosphate
-molecule w/ two phosphates -used by organisms to rebuild ATP stocks -free-floating phosphate |
