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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Biochemical Pathway
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A series of reactions where the product of one reaction is used in the next reaction
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Thylakiods
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Disk in a chloroplast where photosynthesis takes place
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Grana
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Stacks of thylakiod disks
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Stroma
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Fluid in the chloroplast that surrounds the thylakoids
- Where the calvin cycle takes place |
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Chlorophyll a
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the main light harvesting pigment in photosyntheis
green color |
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Chlorophyll b
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an accessory pigment that stores up light energy
green color |
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Carotenoids
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An accessory pigment that stores up light energy, gives the plant different colors besides green
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Accessory pigments
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Pigments that store light energy
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Stomata
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The openings in leaves that take in H2O and CO2, and let out O2
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C4 plants
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Plants that change CO2 into 4-carbon compounds and store up the carbon to be used later in the calvin cycle
plants are usually in dry hot envirionments |
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CAM plants
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Plants that change CO2 into a variety of carbon compounds and store up the carbon to be used later in the calvin cycle
plants are usually in dry hot envirionments |
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Step 1 of photosynthesis
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Light excites electrons in photosystem II, electrons are moved to the electron transport chain, electrons in PSII are replaced by splitting water.
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Step 2 of photosynthesis
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electrons move down the electron transport chain and lose energy, this energy is used to pump protons inside the thylakoid disk
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Step 3 of photosynthesis
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Photosystem I absorbs light an excites electrons. The electrons from photosystem II replace the excited electrons in photosystem I
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Step 4 of photosynthesis
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Photosystem I sends excited electron to another electron transport chain and the energy from those electrons are used to make NADPH
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Step 5 of photosynthesis
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The protons that were pumped into the thylakoid are used by ATP Synthase to make ATP
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Rates of photosynthesis affected by CO2 and water
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as CO2, and H20 levels increase, the rate of photosynthesis increases until it levels off
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Rates of photosynthesis affected by Temperature
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as the temperature increases photosynthesis increases until a certain point then photosynthesis drops off
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Step 1 of calvin cycle
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CO2 combines with 5-carbon RuBP to make 2 PGA molecules
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Step 2 of calvin cycle
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PGA molecules combine with ATP and NADPH to make 2 PGAL molecules
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Step 3 of calvin cycle
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Most PGAL molecules combine with ATP to re-make RuBP, some is used to make sugar
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What is the overall reaction for photosynthesis
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CO2 + H2O + light = sugar + O2
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Why do C4 and CAM plants need an alternative method for fixing carbon?
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They are in dry and hot environments so they close their stomata to prevent water loss. Because of the closed stomata, they must store up Carbon to be used later
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What are the two energy carring molecules that are made in photosynthesis and are used in the Calvin Cycle?
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NADPH and ATP
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