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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where do the light reactions take place?
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thylakoid membrane
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Where does the calvin cycle take place?
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the stroma - fluid filled region of chloroplast between thylakoid membrane and inner membrane. "chloroplast cytosol"
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pigment
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a molecule that can absorb light energy. chlorophyl a, chlorophyl b, and carotenoids are ex
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Photosystem II
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A huge complex of protein and pigment molecules in thylakoid membrane. light excites electrons in pigment molecules. they move down ETC which produces a H+ gradient, higher within the thylakoid. electrons are restored to pigments by hydrolyzing water
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photosynthesis formula
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CO2 + H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 + O2 + H2O
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Action spectrum
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rate of photosynthesis by entire plant at different wavelenths
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Absorption spectrum
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..
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ETC between photosystem II and I
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from Qb to cytochrome complex, pc, to photosystem I. hydrogen pumped in during process.
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Photosystem I
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light strikes a light-harvesting complex, energy is transferred to a reaction center, where an electron is removed from pigment P700 transferred to ferredoxin, which transfers to NADP+ reductase which uses electrons to make NADPH. Conveniently uses a H+ in stroma, increasing gradient.
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cyclic photophosphorylation
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1) electron path is cyclic 2) light energizes electrons 3) ATP is made via phosphorylation of ADP
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Cyclic electron flow is favored when NADPH is high or low? When ATP is high or low?
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high. Calvin cycle works fine, no need to make more NADPH reducing power. used when needs more ATP.
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Calvin Cycle Economics
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For every 6 CO2 incorporated, 18 ATP and 12 NADPH used
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most energy used in calvin cycle
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reduction of 3PG to G3P
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