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115 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
The procedure of DOWNLOADING a file:
makes sure the file is safe and easily retrieved.
arranges images so you can find the ones you want.
involves exposing a sensor or film to light.
lets you move captured images to the computer.
lets you move captured images to the computer.
Which of the following cameras ELECTRONICALLY records an image?
A view camera.
A 35mm SLR.
A point and shoot film camera.
A point and shoot digital camera.
A point and shoot digital camera.
What piece of equipment is used to convert a PRINT into a file that a computer can read?
A memory card.
A flatbed scanner.
A memory card reader.
A film scanner.
A flatbed scanner
Which piece of equipment is considered the COMMAND CENTER in electronic image editing?
The monitor.
The computer.
The scanner.
The printer.
The computer.
BIT DEPTH tells you:
how much a file is compressed.
how smooth an images’ tones will be.
how small a bit of information is.
None of the above.
how smooth an images’ tones will be.
Of the following FILE FORMATS, which one(s) is(are) considered NON-LOSSY?
JPEG (.jpg)
TIFF (.tif)
PHOTOSHOP (.psd)
“b” and “c”
“b” and “c”
A STANDARD RGB PHOTOGRAPH has how many channels?
1
2
3
4
3
As far as long term storage is concerned, digital materials have one BIG ADVANTAGE. What is it?
Greater bit depth.
Compression yields smaller files.
Identical duplication.
“a” and “b”
Identical duplication.
A monitor can show CORRECT COLORS only after:
it has been calibrated.
it has had its color channels blended together.
the tones of an image have been adjusted.
none of the above.
it has been calibrated.
Images LEFT ON A MEMORY CARD are:
vulnerable to shock.
can be stolen.
vulnerable to magnetic fields.
All of the above.
All of the above.
SCANNERS are best defined as:
a link between film and computers.
a link between a memory card and a camera.
a link between downloading and importing.
“b” and “c”.
a link between film and computers.
A single word which probably defines editing is:
radical.
adjusting.
deciding.
pfishing.
deciding.
Adding a LAYER to a print is like doing what?
Considering a subject’s content before doing any work on the file.
Putting a sheet of glass or clear plastic over a file.
Flattening a file.
“a” and “c.”
Putting a sheet of glass or clear plastic over a file.
COPYRIGHT LAWS have certain “built in exceptions.” The FAIR USE exemption allows:
educational use of materials in any manner.
someone else’s work, if modified, to be used for profit.
a photographer to sell something to a gallery that has a “fair use” exception.
“rights managed” images to be used for an unlimited number of times.
educational use of materials in any manner.
Making a SELECTION in PHOTOSHOP® or in another image editing program allows the worker to:
sharpen an image.
modify or edit only the non-selected part of the image.
modify or edit only the selected part of an image.
modify or edit the entire image.
modify or edit only the selected part of an image.
What can a LEVELS correction do for an image?
Allows you to make tone and color changes.
Allows you to rapidly adjust tones in an image..
Allow a totally un-sharp image to be made sharp
Bring back some of the missing sharpness.
Allows you to rapidly adjust tones in an image.
Images made BEFORE what year are said to be PUBLIC DOMAIN and may be used for any purpose without permission.
1919.
1923.
1927.
1941.
1923.
The procedure of ARCHIVING a digital file:
makes sure the file is safe and easily retrieved.
arranges images so you can find the ones you want.
involves exposing a sensor or film to light.
lets you move captured images to the computer.
makes sure the file is safe and easily retrieved.
Which of the following CAPTURE MODES (when available) compresses images into smaller files?
JPEG
TIFF
PHOTOSHOP
RAW
JPEG
In COMPOSITING an image, which technique is the most important to make the new image appear believable?
Equivalent sharpness in all images..
Careful composition in all images.
Consistent illumination in all images.
Finding images that fit together.
Consistent illumination in all images.
To repair damaged photographs, or to remove unwanted specks and scratches, which technique is used? (This technique includes the use of such tools as the clone stamp, healing brush, smudge, focus, sponge tools and the patch tool.)
Selections.
Retouching.
Sharpening.
Filters.
Retouching.
Photographs made by or for the government, regardless of the date, have copyright what limitations?
None.
Fair Use.
Rights Managed.
Time.
None.
Digital Imaging has substantially changed the laws and ethics of photography.
True Statement.
False Statement.
False Statement.
Sharpening almost always improves a digital image and can even save a photograph that was made way out of focus. .
True Statement.
False Statement.
False Statement.
OUTPUT of digital images is defined as:
printing an image.
placing an image on a billboard.
emailing images to a gallery.
All of the above.
All of the above
The procedure of CAPTURING an image, basically:
makes sure the file is safe and easily retrieved.
arranges images so you can find the ones you want.
involves exposing a sensor or film to light.
lets you move images to the computer.
involves exposing a sensor or film to light
The DIGITAL ETHICS rule for PHOTOJOURNALISTS usually allows them to digitally do two “modifications” to an image. What are they?
Insert something new and delete the non-essential.
Delete or modify something without changing the meaning of the photograph.
Remove non essential objects and crop heavily.
Darken and lighten an image.
Darken and lighten an image.
FILTERS IN PHOTOSHOP®:
are automatic and exotic image manipulations.
like candy, they are easy to overindulge in.
can become a “cliché” because they are available to millions of Photoshop® users.
All of the above.
All of the above
The effect of OVERSHARPENING an image is:
usually noticed as halos around areas of fine detail.
usually noticed as an increase of detail and crispness in an image.
severely muted colors within the image.
not as noticeable as too little sharpening.
usually noticed as halos around areas of fine detail
What technique is considered Photoshop’s® greatest feature?
Filters.
Sharpening.
Layers.
Retouching.
Layers.
What is the MOST COMPELLING REASON to save a COPY of your file before editing it?
To allow you to have a “before” and “after” file.
To allow you to have more than one version of an image.
To allow you to save the image both as a JPEG and as a TIFF.
To prevent the loss of or damage to an original file.
To prevent the loss of or damage to an original file
As far as LONG TERM STORAGE is concerned, digital files are VERY SUCCEPTABLE to:
theft.
fire.
flood.
All of the above.
theft.
The World’s FIRST PERMANENT PHOTOGRAPH was made when?
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1826
This FIRST PHOTOGRAPH was made by:
William Henry Fox Talbot.
Louis Jacques Daguerre.
Joseph Nicéphore Niépce.
Eugéne Atget
Jacob Riis.
Joseph Nicéphore Niépce.
This first photograph, in questions 1 and 2, required an exposure of:
1/8th of a second.
8 seconds.
8 minutes.
8 hours.
8 days
8 hours
January, 1839, marked the real beginning of Photography with two major inventions. What were they?
The tintype and the ambrotype.
The wet plate Collodion and the cartes-de-visite..
The dry plate and roll film.
Roll film and the Kodak camera.
None of the above.
None of the above.
The first successful color process from the early 1900’s was:?
Kodachrome
Ektachrome
Dufaychrome
Autochrome
Agfachrome
Kodachrome
Which photographer was known for his candid, available light photographs and was likely the world’s first photojournalist?
Erich Salomon
W. Eugene Smith
Alfred Eisenstaedt
Oscar G. Rejlander
Eugéne Atget
Erich Salomon
What two books usually went west with the pioneers?
Comic books and THE FARMER’S ALMANAC.
The BIBLE and THE FARMER’S ALMANAC.
The BIBLE and a photograph album.
THE FARMER’S ALMANAC and a photograph album.
None of the above
The BIBLE and a photograph album.
Which American Photographer ORGANIZED teams of photographers to document the American Civil War?
William Henry Jackson
Mathew Brady
Roger Fenton
Ansel Adams
None of the above.
Mathew Brady
What was the first war to be extensively photographed?
World War I
The American Civil War.
The French and Indian Wars
The American Revolutionary War
The Crimean War
The Crimean War
Who was the photographer that photographed this first war?
William Henry Jackson
Mathew Brady
Ansel Adams
Jacob Riis
None of the above.
None of the above.
Which photographer produced photographs at the turn of the century that depicted the Essence of Paris?
Eugéne Atget
Louis Jacques Daguerre
Jacob Riis
William Henry Fox Talbot
None of the above
Eugéne Atge
Prior to this invention in the late 1800’s of this process it was impossible to print photographs and type together. What was this process called?
The halftone process
The blacktone process
The fulltone process
The ink-dot process
The scanograver process
The halftone process
Although very popular during its time, the Daguerreotype was a technological dead end. Its most serious shortcoming was:
the highly reflective image could be seen clearly only from certain angles.
the mercury vapor used in the process was very poisonous.
each plate was unique; no way of producing copies (except rephotographing the original)
it was not very sharp.
it was produced on metal instead of paper.
the mercury vapor used in the process was very poisonous.
After the American Civil War, many photographers headed west with government expeditions. Which of these made photographs of the Yellowstone region that helped convince Congress to set aside this area as a National Park?
Jacob Riis
Lewis Hine
Ansel Adams
Eugéne Atget
William Henry Jackson
William Henry Jackson
The calotype possessed the characteristic(s) of:
Sharpness.
Reproducibility.
Both sharpness and reproducibility.
Reproducibility.
Daguerreotypes were frequently referred to as:
Likenesses drawn by the Sacred Radiance of the Sun.
Cartes-de-Visite.
Sun Drawn Miniatures.
Camera Drawn Miniatures.
Etchings on Silver Bright.
Sun Drawn Miniatures.
What was the most toxic component of the daguerreotype process?
Sensitization by rising iodide crystals.
Development by heated mercury vapors.
The polished surface of silver on the copper sheet.
Dipping of plate in silver nitrate.
Image development in pyrogallic acid.
Development by heated mercury vapors.
The daguerreotype possessed the characteristic(s) of:
Sharpness.
Reproducibility.
Both sharpness and reproducibility.
Sharpness.
Which process had to be exposed to light while it was still wet?
The Daguerreotype.
The Calotype.
Dry plates
Collodion
None of the above.
Collodion
The collodion process could be used to produce two positive versions. What were they called?
The cartes-de-visite and the quarter plate.
The ambrotype and the tintype.
The daguerreotype and the calotype.
The kalos and the impression.
Soft-focus and sharp-focus.
The ambrotype and the tintype.
The CAMERA OBSCURA was the forerunner of the modern camera was described by an Arabian Scholar as early as:
The 1st century
The 5th century.
The 10th century
The 15th century
The 20th century.
The 10th century
The photographer whose work concentrated on the grinding brutality of life in New York City’s slums and who was probably the first to use photography for social change was:
Jacob Riis
Lewis Hine
Erich Salomon
Eugéne Atget
George Eastman
Jacob Riis
When using the earlier materials, it was quite common to have an exposure in excess of several seconds. What happened to people or objects that moved during exposure?
Their likenesses were accurately recorded on film.
Their likenesses were recorded as accurately as stationery objects.
They became very blurred or disappeared completely.
Nothing happened: everything in a scene recorded accurately.
Movement of people, even with these long exposure times, only created minimal blur.
They became very blurred or disappeared completely.
The photographer whose work concentrated on the abuses of child labor and eventually led to passage of Child Labor Laws was:
Eugéne Atget.
George Eastman.
William Henry Jackson.
Jacob Riis
Lewis Hine.
Lewis Hine.
A movement, late in the 1800’s, claimed naturalistic photography to be artistic. The naturalists believed in the camera’s ability to capture reality and laid down some new rules for photographic excellence. Of the following, which one is NOT a naturalism rule?
Simplicity of equipment.
Show sentimental views of daily life.
No faking.
No retouching.
No reliance on classical rules.
No reliance on classical rules.
DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY was FIRST embraced by what group of professional photographers?
Studio photographers.
Fashion photographers.
Landscape photographers.
Portrait photographers.
None of the above.
None of the above. (Photojournalists)
With early photography, even with the long exposure times often required, what types of photographs were most wanted?
Animals.
Nudes.
Landscape or Travel.
Still life.
Portraits.
Portraits
The collodion wet plate possessed the characteristic(s) of:
Sharpness.
Reproducibility.
Both sharpness and reproducibility.
Both sharpness and reproducibility.
Which of the following was known for his “straight photography?”
Erich Salomon.
Eugéne Atget.
Jacob Riis.
Ansel Adams
William Henry Jackson.
Ansel Adams
The invention and marketing of which color film, by Eastman Kodak Company, in the 1930’s, finally made color photography practical for the amateur?
Ektachrome
Agfachrome
Autochrome
Dufaychrome
Kodachrome
Kodachrome
Which photographer was known for his “High Art” photography, inspired by the romantic literature of the 1800’s: (one of his best known works, pieced together from several images, was FADING AWAY)
Peter Henry Emerson
Henry Peach Robinson
Lewis Hine.
Jacob Riis.
Eugene Atget.
Henry Peach Robinson
From where did the term KODAK come (as in Kodak Camera)?
Kodiak, Alaska
The New York Times
WEBSTER’S DICTIONARY
George Eastman liked the letter K.
The Kodiak Bear.
George Eastman liked the letter K.
Prior to the 1880’s, few photographs were made by the general public. Two major inventions changed this. What were they?
The ambrotype and the tintype
Dry plates and roll film
Roll film and color film
The daguerreotype and the calotype
The camera obscura and the tintype
The daguerreotype and the calotype
Why is finishing and mounting important?
.Non-finished and non-mounted images lack the fine detail of a finished image.
Matting, mounting & framing tells viewers that your vision is worth their attention.
Matting, mounting & framing causes your image to look bigger.
All of the above.
Matting, mounting & framing tells viewers that your vision is worth their attention.
Of the several types of DIGITAL PRINTERS, which one(s) is(are) considered the most UNIVERSAL AND THE LEAST EXPENSIVE?
Dye-sublimation.
Photographic laser printers.
All are considered universal and inexpensive.
None of the above.
None of the above.
A PRINTER DRIVER :
reads the pixels in an image.
tells the printer how to spray ink.
tells the printer how to make a picture from pixels.
All of the above.
All of the above.
OPTICAL BRIGHTNERS, in a paper, enhance a print’s brightness. What is the main NEGATIVE aspect of brighteners?
Whiteness is enhanced in prints.
Chemical agents make prints sparkle.
Prints are more likely to fade with time.
Prints become more brittle with time.
Prints are more likely to fade with time.
Most INK JET CARTRIDGES contain either PIGMENT or DYE ink. Which of the following is TRUE about DYE BASED INKS?
They produce very dull colors.
They resist noticeable fading much longer.
They have a wider color gamut.
Colors shift under different lighting conditions (METAMERISM).
They have a wider color gamut
With a COLOR INK JET PRINTER, which ink configuration is more economical?
Only one color ink should be in each cartridge.
Each ink should have a light and dark version of each color in each cartridge.
All ink should be together in the same cartridge.
All color ink should be in the same cartridge and black ink in another.
Only one color ink should be in each cartridge.
The purpose of SOFT PROOFING is to:
allow predictable and accurate results with any paper.
let the print show “softer” colors that the computer shows.
be sure the printing paper is “soft” and not “hard”.
None of the above.
allow predictable and accurate results with any paper.
What does the term STITCHING mean to digital photography?
Separate images are physically “sewn ““together to create a panoramic image.
Separate images are electronically put together to create panoramic images.
Digital cameras cannot produce panoramic images as well as film cameras.
Prints are glued together to create a panoramic image.
Separate images are electronically put together to create panoramic images.
FRAMING a print:
calls attention to a photographic image.
protects a photographic print from damage.
sets a photographic image aside as a special object.
All of the above.
All of the above.
In print framing, the term GLAZING refers to:
the glossy finish of a print.
a thin piece of acetate that covers a matted print.
the glass or Plexiglas covering a matted print.
standard non-glare glass.
the glass or Plexiglas covering a matted print.
Harmful UV (ultraviolet) rays accelerate fading of a photographic image. Plain glass, on top of a print, absorbs around what percentage of this damaging UV?
15%
35%
50%
66%
50%
Why is PLASTIC ACRYLIC a better choice for framing large prints than glass?
It is lighter.
It is less likely to break, and damage the image
It absorbs more UV—up to 2/3.
All of the above..
All of the above..
Which one(s) of the following will shorten the life of a print.?
Linen Tape.
Photo Corners.
Masking tape.
All of the above.
Masking tape.
Which of the following mounting methods causes a print to lie absolutely flat?
Print corners.
Overmatting and print corners.
Framing and print corners.
Dry mounting.
Dry mounting.
Which type of print mounting causes the edges of a print to be even with the edges of the mount?
An overmatted print.
A bleed-mounted print.
A dry mounted print.
A print mounted with corners.
A bleed-mounted print.
Which type of digital print is MOST SUSCEPTIBLE to heat damage from dry mounting?
Ink jet print.
Dye sublimation print.
Photographic laser print.
None of the above.
Dye sublimation print.
There are three CORRECT ways to attach a print to a backing board. Which of the following is not one of them?
Photo corners.
Hinges.
Spray adhesive.
Dry mounting.
Spray adhesive.
Which type of CD or DVD has the longest predicted life for protecting your data?
Platinum.
Bronze.
Gold.
Silver.
Gold
Digital camera capture information may tell us which one(s) of the following about an image that was made?
GPS location for each exposure.
Lens focal length.
Aperture and shutter speed used.
All of the above.
All of the above
There are several ways that digital files can be lost instantly. Which of the following is NOT one of them?
Theft.
Properly stored DVD back-up.
Deleting a file by saving over it..
Physical damage to storage media.
Properly stored DVD back-up.
Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the ARCHIVAL QUALITY of MUSEUM BOARD?
Museum and conservation board are the same thing.
Archival quality boards are made from purified wood fiber.
Archival quality boards are made from rag instead of wood fiber.
Acids in a mounting board prevent it from causing deterioration to a print.
Archival quality boards are made from rag instead of wood fiber.
Dry mounting is not a PREFERRED METHOD OF MOUNTING ink jet digital prints for long term storage. Why?
Ink jet prints instantly decompose from the heat.
Ink jet prints instantly fade from the heat.
Ink jet prints do not adhere well with dry mounting techniques.
The heat causes the display life of an ink jet print’s colors to be shortened.
The heat causes the display life of an ink jet print’s colors to be shortened
Matting and framing an image will insure that:
an image will look smaller.
an image will be viewed as a piece of art.
an image will look larger.
an image will be overpowered by the frame
an image will be viewed as a piece of art.
When using PHOTO CORNERS to mount a print:
the print can be easily removed if necessary.
the corners are hidden by the overmat.
corners are easily home made.
All of the above.
All of the above.
Which categories of photographic printers make digital prints on Traditional Photographic Paper?
Photographic Dye-sublimation Printers.
Photographic Laser Printers
Photographic Ink-Jet Printers.
All of the above.
Photographic Laser Printers
There are three QUALITIES or TYPES of lighting that photographers encounter and use. Which of the following is NOT one of them?
Direct Light
Diffused light.
Rainey day light.
Directional/Diffused light.
Rainey day light.
When photographing in LOW LEVEL AVAILABLE LIGHT which of the following will help the most?
Using a low ISO.
Using a high ISO.
Using an ISO of 100.
Setting the ISO on AUTO.
Using a high ISO.
The most realistic light and usually the most pleasing light that we can use resembles daylight or sunlight. When using or imitating this type of lighting, how many shadows should be visible.
1
2
3
4
1
A photograph taken outdoors in the bright sun usually has rather heavy and dark shadows. These shadows can be illuminated by the use of which of the following?
A white card or cloth.
Flash.
An aluminized “space blanket.”
All of the above.
All of the above.
The BRIGHTEST LIGHT in a studio lighting set up of multiple lights, is usually referred to as:
The main light.
The fill light.
The background light.
The hair light.
The main light.
THE INVERSE SQUARE LAW is the basis for flash exposure calculations and it tells us:
a light’s brightness is the same at all distances.
a light shows close things to the camera to be light and far away things to be dark.
a light shows close things to the camera to be dark and far away things to be bright.
None of the above.
a light shows close things to the camera to be light and far away things to be dark.
Which of the following types of lighting uses a main light directly over the subject?
Top lighting.
Bottom lighting.
Backlighting.
None of the above.
Top lighting
There are several different methods of positioning a portable flash unit. But ONLY ONE is possible with a built in flash unit. What is it?
Flash bounced from the side.
Direct flash off camera.
Flash bounced from above.
None of the above.
None of the above.
FLASH SYNCHRONIZATION on a camera:
makes the flash brighter at further distances.
times the firing of a flash to coincide with the proper opening of the shutter.
makes the flash the right brightness for a specific subject.
prevents the flash from firing until the subject’s eyes are open.
times the firing of a flash to coincide with the proper opening of the shutter.
CONTINUOUSLY BURNING lamps are referred to as:
incandescent lights.
daylight equivalent lamps.
strobe.
None of the above
incandescent lights.
With WINDOW LIGHT, the closer the subject is to the window:
the brighter the light will be.
the weaker the light will be.
the more diffused the light will be.
None of the above.
the brighter the light will be.
The BLACK AND WHITE SILVER PROCESS employs THREE main chemicals with which the process can be fully implemented. Which of the following is NOT one of them?
Developer
Stop Bath (SSB)
Fix (Fixer)
Wash aid.
Wash aid.
TEMPERATURE is a critical part of the FILM DEVELOPMENT process. Which of the following statements, regarding temperature and development, is correct?
The higher the temperature the shorter the development time.
The lower the temperature the shorter the development time.
Developers can be used at any temperature between 45ºF and 95ºF.
The temperature considered “optimum” for film development is 70ºF
higher the temperature the shorter the development time
The EDGES of a print are often referred to as the print’s:
Standard.
Crop.
Frame.
Surround.
Frame.
Probably the FIRST DECISION in making a photograph is deciding:
what to include and what to leave out.
what to have sharp and what to blur.
what length of time to expose for.
what aperture to use.
what to include and what to leave out.
To REDUCE or ELIMINATE a DISTRACTING BACKGROUND, you can:
compose the image to show less of the background.
throw the background out of focus.
make sure the background is in sharp focus.
crop so that much of background is not visible.
crop so that much of background is not visible
A BUSY or DISTRACTING BACKGROUND:
may be the main emphasis of a photograph.
should always be eliminated.
should always be thrown out of focus.
is always very distracting.
may be the main emphasis of a photograph.
A photograph is frequently considered a SLICE OF TIME. How can a long time be represented in a photograph?
By using a small aperture.
By using a large aperture.
By using a short exposure time.
None of the above.
None of the above.
When we view a scene it is three dimensional whereas a photograph is only two dimensional. The idea, with photographs, is to create an ILLUSION OF THREE DIMENSIONS. How is this done?
With lighting.
Selecting appropriate focal length lens.
Careful selection of a viewpoint.
All of the above.
All of the above.
FORM describes:
what a picture is about, including its subject.
the way a picture looks, including its composition.
the technical quality of a photograph.
the number of tones in a photograph.
the way a picture looks, including its composition.
A GOOD PORTRAIT shows more than what someone looks like. It captures:
an expression.
reveals a mood.
tells something about a person.
All of the above.
All of the above.
A MODEL RELEASE has the MAIN legal purpose of:
preventing a photographer from selling a photograph of a subject.
protecting the photographer if he/she wants to sell an image of a subject.
protecting the photographer if he/she wants to alter the photograph.
None of the above.
protecting the photographer if he/she wants to sell an image of a subject.
The best way to decide at what angle to make a LANDSCAPE photograph is to:
view the subject with different lenses before making an exposure.
view the subject with different areas of critical focus before making an exposure.
look at the subject from different angles before making an exposure.
pick a location that will easily support a tripod.
look at the subject from different angles before making an exposure.
FORMAL PORTRAITS :
are usually made under artificial illumination supplied by the photographer.
allow the photographer more control of the situation.
require an understanding of lighting.
All of the above.
All of the above.
When PHOTOGRAPHING INSIDE you can always count on the fact that:
there will be plenty of light.
there is less light inside than outdoors.
people don’t look natural in an indoor situation.
many vantage points are usually available.
there is less light inside than outdoors.