Phonics Vocabulary For Early Literacy Class Fall 2016

Front 1

Phonemic Awareness

Back 1

The conscious awareness that words are made up of individual speech sounds (phonemes) and it is strongly related to reading achievement

Front 2

Phonemes

Back 2

Individual sounds in speech

Front 3

The Alphabetic Principle

Back 3

The understanding that words are made up of letters and letters represent sounds

Front 4

Phonograms

Back 4

Letter or combination of letters that represents a sound

Front 5

Digraph

Back 5

A digraph is two letters that spell one sound include the letter pairs sh, ch, th, wh, ck, ph, ng. Digraphs that spell vowel sounds include the letter pairs ai, ay, ee, ea, ie, ei, oo, ou. ow, oe, oo, ue, ey, ay, oy, oi, au, aw. The important thing to remember is that a digraph is made of two letters, and although the letters spell a sound, the digraph is the two letters, not the sound

Front 6

Dipthong

Back 6

Sound made by combining two vowels

Diphthong comes from the Greek word diphthongos which means "having two sounds."

A diphthong is two vowels sounds in one syllable. The diphthongs oi and oy make the oi sound as in oil.

Front 7

Concepts About Print

Back 7

Refers to an understanding of how letters, words, and sentences are represented in written language. This is critical to reading as it is the basic foundation.

Front 8

How to Assess Concepts About Print

Back 8

Informal test by teacher using picture books

Front 9

Analytic Phonics

Back 9

Whole to part

Front 10

Synthetic Phonics

Back 10

Part to whole

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Affix

Back 11

An attachment to the end or beginning of base or root word. A generic term that describes prefixes and suffixes.

Front 12

Digraph vs Dipthong - how to tell them apart

Back 12

The clear difference is that digraphs are letters and diphthongs are sounds. The morphemes (meaningful word parts) in each word help us remember their meanings. Both derived from Greek. di in both words means “two.” The morpheme graph means written, so digraph refers to something written that has two parts.

phthong means “sound”, making the word diphthong refer to a sound that has two parts.

Front 13

Blending

Back 13

Combining parts of a spoken word into a whole representation of the word. For example, /p/ /oo/ /l/ can be blended together to form the word POOL

Front 14

Closed Syllable

Back 14

A closed syllable is a syllable that ends with a consonant. The words fan, am, and left have closed syllables. Multisyllabic words have closed syllables too. For example, a two-syllable word with the vowel-consonant-consonant-vowel pattern may have one or two closed syllables.

Hint 14

beginning

closed syllable = in

ing is a derivational suffix

be = open syllable

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Compound Word

Back 15

A compound word is made up of two words that come together to make one new word. For example: Bed + time = bedtime. Eye + sight = eyesight

Hint 15

Bed + time = bedtime. Eye + sight = eyesight

Front 16

Consonant Blend

Back 16

Consonant blends (also called consonant clusters) are groups of two or three consonants in words that makes a distinct consonant sound, such as "bl" or "spl." Consonant digraphs include bl, br, ch, ck, cl, cr, dr, fl, fr, gh, gl, gr, ng, ph, pl, pr, qu, sc, sh, sk, sl, sm, sn, sp, st, sw, th, tr, tw

Front 17

Consonants

Back 17

When sounding consonants, air flow is interrupted or limited by the position of the tongue, teeth or lips. Most have only one sound and rarely sound like their name.

Front 18

vowel

Back 18

The vowels are "a,e,i,o, and u"; also sometimes "y" & "w". This may also includes the diphthongs "oi,oy,ou,ow,au,aw, oo" and many others *????

Front 19

Consonant Digraph

Examples:

cl, cr, dr, fl, fr, gh, gl, gr, ng, ph, pl, pr, qu, sc, sh, sk, sl, sm, sn, sp, st, sw, th, tr, tw, wh, wr

Back 19

Consonant digraphs are two (or three) letters that come together to make one sound. The difference between blends and digraphs is that blends are two letters that make two sounds and digraphs make one sound.

Front 20

Decoding

Back 20

ability to apply knowledge of letter-sound relationships, including knowledge of letter patterns, to correctly pronounce written words. Understanding these relationships gives children the ability to recognize familiar words quickly and to figure out words they haven't seen before.‎Phonics and Decoding · ‎Teaching the Alphabetic Code · ‎Phonics Instruction

Front 21

Grapheme

Back 21

- A grapheme is a letter or a number of letters that represent a sound (phoneme) in a word. Another way to explain it is to say that a grapheme is a letter or letters that spell a sound in a word.

Front 22

Onsets & Rime

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The onset is the initial consonant or consonant cluster of the word, and the rime is the vowel and consonants that follow it. For example, in the word bat,b- is the onset, and -at is the rime. Not all words have insets.

Front 23

Base Word

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The part of the word that cannot be broken down is called a base word, also know as a root word. The base word gives the word its basic meaning.

Front 24

Open Syllable

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An open syllable has one and only one vowel, and that vowel occurs at the end of the syllable. Examples include no, she, I, a, and

Front 25

Phonetic

Back 25

Simple Definition of phonetic: relating to spoken language, speech sounds, or the science of phonetics: representing each speech sound with a single symbol: using a system of written symbols that represent speech sounds in a way that is very close to how they actually sound

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Phonics

Back 26

A method of teaching people to read by correlating sounds with letters or groups of letters in an alphabetic writing system.

Front 27

Phonogram

Back 27

a unit symbol of a phonetic writing system, standing for a speech sound, syllable, or other sequence of speech sounds without reference to meaning

Front 28

Base word / Root word distinction

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1- A base word is a word that does not have any other words added either at the beginning or its ending. It can stand on its own and has meaning. It is a word that is easily apparent in every language and is a word in its simplest form. 2- Root word is a portion of a base word that do not stand alone and have no meaning by themselves

Front 29

Root

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a root word holds the most basic meaning of any word. It's what's left after you remove all the affixes — the prefixes like "un-" or "anti-" and suffixes such as "-able" and

Front 30

Segmenting

Back 30

segment (vb) — to split up a word into its individual phonemes

e.g. the word 'cat' has three phonemes: /c/, /a/, /t/

Front 31

Sight word

Back 31

Sight words, often also called high frequency sight words, are commonly used words that young children are encouraged to memorize as a whole by sight, so that they can automatically recognize these words in print without having to use any strategies to decode.

Front 32

Syllable

Back 32

a unit of pronunciation having one vowel sound, with or without surrounding consonants, forming the whole or a part of a word; e.g., there are two syllables in water and three in inferno

Front 33

Vowel

Back 33

a speech sound that is produced by comparatively open configuration of the vocal tract, with vibration of the vocal cords but without audible friction, unit that forms the nucleus of a syllable.a letter representing a vowel sound, such as a, e, i, o, u.

Hint 33

a e i o u and sometimes y

Front 34

Derivational suffixes

Back 34

Derivational suffixes are used to make (or derive) new words. In particular, they are used to change a word from one grammatical class to another. For example, the noun "pore" can be changed into an adjective by adding the suffix -ous, resulting in the adjective "porous" 'having pores'.

Hint 34

A type of suffix that changes a word from one grammatical class to another.

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Inflectional suffix

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inflectional (grammatical): for example, changing singular to plural (dog → dogs), or changing present tense to past tense (walk → walked)

Hint 35

grammatical suffix

Front 36

Morpheme

Back 36

smallest meaningful unit of a language