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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Phonetics
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Study of the production, transmission, and perception of minimal units of language.
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Articulary phonetics
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Physiological mechanism of speech production.
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Segments
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Individual speech sound.
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Glottal States
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Voiced, voiceless, whisper, murmur
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Voiced
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Vocal cords brought together, but not tightly closed with air passing causing vibration.
[b] [d] [g] |
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Voiceless
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Vocal folds are pulled apart, air passes through glottis without interference.
[p] [t] [k] |
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Two major classes:
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Vowels and Consonants.
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Vowels
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Sonorous, syllabic sounds made with vocal tract.
⟶Simple vowels: not noticeable change in quality during articulation. ⟶Dipthong: Vowels that do not exhibit change in quality. |
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Tense Vowels:
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Produced with great vocal tract constriction than non tense [longer].
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Lax vowels:
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Produced with less constriction.
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Phonetic transcription:
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Transcription of sounds, not letters.
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IPA:
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International Phonetic Alphabet.
⟶Proposed in 1888 ⟶One symbol equals one sound |
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Segment:
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Discrete unit of speech sound.
⟶Consonants ⟶Vowels |
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Consonants:
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Involve constriction in vocal tract.
⟶V Voicing Vocal cords (not) vibrating ⟶P Place Where sound is created ⟶M Manner How sound is created |
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Vowels:
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Made with relatively open tract.
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Active articulation:
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Lower lip
Tongue |
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Passive articulation:
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Upper lip
Teeth Roof of mouth Pharynx wall |
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Place of Articulation:
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Bilabial
Labiodental Interdental Alveolar Post-alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal |
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Manner of Articulation:
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Stop
Fricative Affricate Nasal Liquid (lateral, retroflex) Glide Syllabic consonants (nasal, liquids) |
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Three stages of Sound Production:
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1)Closing stage
⟶ Active articulation raised to come into contact with passive articulation. 2)Closure stage ⟶Articulators remain in contract, air builds up behind blockage. 3)Release stage ⟶Active articulator is lowered, allows air to be released with some force. |
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Five feature of vowels:
1) Vowel height 2) Tongue advancement 3) Lip rounding 4) Tongue tension 5) Velum height |
1) high/mid/low - close/mid/open
2) front/central/back 3) round/unround 4) tense/lax 5) oral/nasal |
