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155 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what does OSHA stand for?
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Occupational Safety & Health
Administration |
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Antiseptic
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An agent that inhibits bacterial growth but can be used on human skin Ex: isopropyl alcohol
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Hematoma
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A mass of blood that is collected in the tissue caused by a break in a blood vessel. Also the most common complication in venipuncture procedure.
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Accessioning
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The first step in processing a specimen when you give it a specific number or code
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Accuracy
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as near to the real answer as possible
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Hemoconentration
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Increase of blood cells in proportion to plasma usually caused by tourniquet being left on too long
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Phlebitis
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Inflammation of vein as a result of repeated venipuncture on that vein
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Petechiae
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Tiny non-raised spots that appear on the skin from rupturing of the capillaries due to tourniquet on too long or too tight
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Thrombus
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Blood clot usually a consequence of insufficient pressure applied after withdrawal of needle
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Thrombophlebitis
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Inflammation of vein with a clot formation
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Septicemia
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Systemic infection associated with presence of pathogenic organism introduced during a venipincture
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Trauma
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Injury to underlying tissues caused by probing of needle
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Fasting
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No intake of food/drink for 8-12 hours, a phlebotomist MUST ascertain whether patient has fasted or not prior to procedure. Fasting is generally used for GTT, cholesterol and trigyceride testing
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Edema
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Accumulation of fluid in tissues; collection from edematous fluid will alter test results
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Fistula
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Permanent surgical connection between artery & vein. Never to use arm w/ fistula for venipuncture
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A patient has just finished breakfast when you come in to take his fasting blood glucose specimen- what is the proper thing do to do?
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Inform pt.'s nurse, if specimen is still to be collected write "non-fasting on the label and the the requisition slip
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The most important step in performing venipuncture is:
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Properly identifying the patient
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No writs/armband is on the patient, what next?
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ASK patients nurse to put band on patient
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The most common vein used for venipunctur is:
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The median cubital
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To produce a rounded drop of blood finger punctures should be made:
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Along or on the fingerprint
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A patient has just finished breakfast when you come in to take his fasting blood glucose specimen- what is the proper thing do to do?
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Inform pt.'s nurse, if specimen is still to be collected write "non-fasting on the label and the requisition slip
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Why should the first drop of blood be wiped during a dermal puncture?
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To remove any interstitial contamination
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The most important step in performing venipuncture is:
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Properly Identifying the patient
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What is the most serious error a phlebotomist can make?
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Not properly identifying the patient
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No writs/armband is on the patient, what next?
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ASK patients nurse to put band on patient
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The most common vein used for venipuncture is:
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The median cubital
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What can happen if a tourniquet is left on too long?
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Hemoconcentration
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Arterial blood collection monitors:
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blood gases, ammonia, lactic acid
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To produce a rounded drop of blood finger punctures should be made:
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Along or on the fingerprint
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A normal PH is:
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7.35
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Why should the first drop of blood be wiped during a dermal puncture?
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To remove any interstitial contamination
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What is the most serious error a phlebotomist can make?
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Not properly identifying the patient
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What can happen if a tourniquet is left on too long?
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Hemoconcentration
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Arterial blood collection monitors:
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blood gases, ammonia, lactic acid
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A normal PH is:
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7.35
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The ABG syringe is coated with:
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heparin
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A typcical needle gauge for ABG collection is:
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22 guage
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What artery is most used for ABG collection
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Radial
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All of the following are ABG sampling errors EXCEPT:
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a) delivery of uniced sample 15minutes after collection
b) use of anicoagulant EDTA c) air bubbles in syringe D)USE OF GAS IMPERMEABLE PLASTIC SYRINGE |
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The Allen test determines:
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collateral circulation
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In an arterial collection the needle should be inserted at:
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45 degree angle
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ABG stands for:
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Arterial Blood Gas
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Which of the following is NOT an anticoagulant?
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a) THIXOTROPIC GEL
b)sodium heparin c)sodium citrate d)edta |
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The most common antiseptic used in routine venipuncture is:
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isopropyl alcohol
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Which of the following indicates the LARGEST size needle?
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a) 21 gauge
b) 23 gauge c) 16 GAUGE d) 20 gauge |
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Complete blood clotting takes:
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30-60 minutes
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Serum contains:
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a) plasma
b) fibrinogen c) clotting factors D) NONE OF THE ABOVE |
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Which color coded tube does not contain any additives?
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Red
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EDTA prevents coagulation in the blood tubes by:
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Binding Calcium
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Which lab may require special patient identification?
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Blood Bank
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Collapsed veins may be caused by:
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a) too large needle for vein
b) too much vacuum asserted on vessel c)plunger being pulled too quickly D) ALL OF THE ABOVE |
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Vigorously mixing the tube can cause:
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Hemolysis
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Reasons for specimen recollection include all of the following EXCEPT:
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a) allowing blood to run down side of tube when using a syringe to fill tube
b) contamination by powder from gloves c) using the wrong antiseptic D) INADVERDENT PUNCTURE OF AN ARTERY |
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Keeping a patient's arm elevated above the heart will
avoid: |
Reflux/backflow of an anticoagulant
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Conditions that may alter the quality of specimen or cause harm to patient during a blood draw include:
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a) edamatous tissue
b) mastectomies c) hematomas D) ALL OF THE ABOVE |
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when performing a butterfly draw using a hand vein, place the tourniquet:
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on the patient's wrist
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povidon iodine is not recommended for:
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dermal punctures
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Hemolysis is:
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destruction of red blood cells
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Lymphostasis is:
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lack of lymph fluid movement
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To enhance vein prominence you can:
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Tap the antecubital area with your index finger
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Hepato refers to:
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Liver
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Cyan refers to
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Blue
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Hemi means
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Half
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-tomy refers to:
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removal/ to cut
Ex: mastectomy- removal of breast |
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Anti means
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Against
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Leuko refers to
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White
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-Emia refers to
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blood condition
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Pulmon refers to
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Lung
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Thromb refers to
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clotting
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Derm refers to
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skin
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CBC
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complete blood count
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ESR
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Erythrocyte Sedimantation Rate
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EDTA
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Ethylineediaminetetraacetic Acid
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SPS
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Sodium Polyanthenol Sulfonate
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VDRL
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Venereal Disease Research Lab
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HIV
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Human Immunodeficiancy Virus
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RPR
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Rapid Plasma Reagin
(test for syphillus) |
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HLA
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Human Leukocyte Antigen
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ACD
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Acid Citrate Dextrose
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PT
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Prothrombin Time
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PTT
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Partial Thromboplastin Time
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SMAC
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Sequential Multiple Analyzer
Chemistry |
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TP
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Total Protien
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BUN
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Blood Urea Nitrogen
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When something is ordrered STAT this means:
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Immediately
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CAT
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Clot Activator Tube
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PST
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Plasma Seperator Tube
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SST
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Serum Seperator Tube
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RH
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Rhesus factor
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BHCG
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Beta Human Chorionic Gonadotropin
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MCV
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Mean Corpuscular Volume
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MCH
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Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin
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LE PREP
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Lupus Erythematosus
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FBS
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Fasting Blood Sugar
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GTT
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Glucose Tolerance Test
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Bifurcation
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The point of forking or seperating into two branches
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Thixotropic Gel
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mareial that appears to be solid until subjected to a disturbance such as centrifugation, upon which it becomes a liquid
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Serum
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liquid portion of while blood that remains after blood has clotted
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Plasma
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liquid portion of whole blood that contains active clotting agents
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Hematocrit
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The percentage by volume of packed red blood cells in a givensample of blood after centrifugation
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isolation
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limitation of movementand social contact of a patient
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pulse
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wave of pressure created when heart contracts
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Coumadin
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An anticoagulant or blood thinning agent also known as
warfarin; prothrombplastin time determination are essential for its proper use |
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Differential
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A percentage of each type of white blood cell in a total of 100 white cells observed
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WBC
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White Blood Cells
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RBC's
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Red Blood Cells
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Coagulate
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to change from a fluid state into a semi-solid mass
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QNS
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Quanity Not Sufficient
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QS
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Quantity Sufficient
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Ascites
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Abnormal collection of fluid in the Abdomen/peritoneal cavity
which contain high levels of electrolytes and protiens |
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Cephalic
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head
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Palmer
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palm of Hand
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The Pre-Surgical Tests:
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1. EKG
2. CXR 3. CBC 4. PTT & A PTT 5. UA 6. PREGNANCY |
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CMP
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Comprehensive Metabolic Panel
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Carrier
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a person who is able to spread to others, a disease with which he is infected but usually shows no syptoms
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Antibiotic
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Substance used in the treatment of infectious disease usually caused by bacteria
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Asepsis
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free from germs or infections
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Bacteria
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One- cell microsopic organisms that either cause disease(pathogenic) or don't cause disease (non- pathogenic). Many different kinds that live on skin or in the intestine and are referred to as "normal flora"
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Black Top Tube
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Inversions: 5x
Additives: Sodium Citrate Uses: Sedimentation Rates |
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Centrifuge
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A piece of lab equipment that spins test tubes @ high speed & seperates the cellular & liquid portions of blood
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Clot
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Coagulated blood
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Crenated
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Notched RBC's
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Hemoglobin
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Found in RBC's made of two parts:
Hemo- iron containing substance Globin: protien |
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Green Top Tube
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Inversions: 8x
Additives: Sodium Heparin Lithium Heparin Ammonium Heparin Used For: Plasma Chems |
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Gray Top Tube
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Inversions: 8x
Additives: Sodium Flouride Potassium Oxalate or Heparin Uses: GTT or Alcohol levels |
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Gold Top w/
marble Red Stopper |
Inversions: 5
Additives: Thixotropic Gel seperator/clot activator Uses: MOST chem testing, not suitable for Blood banking |
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Plantar
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Sole of foot
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Yellow Top
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Inversions: 8x
Additives: SPS, (sodium polyanetholsulfonate) ACD (Acid Citrate Dextrose) Uses: Blood Culture, HLA studies |
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Tan Top
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Inversions: 8x
Additives: Sodium heparin Uses: Lead determination |
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Serology
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Testing of blood serum for antigen- antibody reactions
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Sepsis
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An infection of the blood w/ a pathogenic organism or a product (toxin) produced by the organism
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Royal Blue/Dark Blue Top
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Inversions- w/o additives- 0
w/ additves - 8 Additives: Sodium heparin EDTA Uses: Toxicology Trace metals |
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Red Top
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Inversions-0
Additives- NONE Uses: Serum chems, Serology, blood bank |
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Pink Top
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Inversions: 8
Additives: EDTA Uses: whole blood, hemotology & blood banking |
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Pathology
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Study of structural or finction changes in body tissues & organs caused by a disease
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Pathogenic
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Anything that can produce a disease
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Palpate
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To examine by touching with fingers
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PPE
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Personal Protective Equipment
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Post Prandial
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After meals or
How fast the body breaks down sugar |
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Orange Top w/ Marble Yeelow Stopper
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Inversions: 8
Additives: Thrombin Uses: STAT chems |
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morphology
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study of structure
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MCHC
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Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin
Concentration |
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Lite Blue Top
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Inversions: 3-4
Additives: Sodium Citrate (.105m-.129m) Uses: Coagulation Studies, PT APTT, Factor Assay |
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light Green w/ marble green stopper
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Inversions: 8
Additives: Thixotropic Gel seperator/ lithium heparin Uses: Potasssium determinations |
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Leukocytes:
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Broad term covering all types of WBC's
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Leukocytosis
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An increase in the # of WBC's
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Lavendabler Top
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Inversions: 8x
Additives: EDTA Uses: CBC, whole blood, hematology cell counts |
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Incubation:
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maintenance at a specified tempature & for a specified time period until growth or reaction occurs
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Insulin
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A natural hormone, produced by the pancreas an is involved w/ the metabolism of sugar;
Diabetic individuals are not able to to secrete proper amounts of of their own insulin |
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Hypochromic
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A decrease of the iron pigment in RBC's
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Hepatitus
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Inflammation of liver usually resulting from an infection by a transmissible virus
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H & H
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Hemoglobin & Hematocrit Test
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Standard Order of Draw
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1) Yellow-
Blood Cultures 2) Lite Blue- coagulation/plasma studies 3) Red- Serum chems, blood bank, serology 4)Green- Plasma chems 5)Lavender- whole blood, hematology cell count, CBC 6)Grey- GTT, Alcohol levels 7) Royal/Dark Blue with add'so Trac metals, w/o -Toxicology |
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Syncope
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fainting
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cardio
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refers to heart
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