Phlebotomy Additive Definitions

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Centrifugation

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An apparatus consisting essentially of a compartment spun about a central axis to separate contained materials of different specific gravities, or to separate colloidal particles suspended in a liquid.

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Immunology

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n. The branch of biomedicine concerned with the structure and function of the immune system, innate and acquired immunity, the bodily distinction of self from nonself, and laboratory techniques involving the interaction of antigens with specific antibodies.

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Serology

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The science that deals with the properties and reactions of serums, especially blood serum.
The characteristics of a disease or organism shown by study of blood serums: the serology of acquired immune deficiency syndrome; the serology of mammals.

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Heparin

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Heparin is an anticoagulant commonly used in chemistry and special chemistry testing. It is the recommended anticoagulant for many determinations using whole blood or plasma specimens because of its minimal chelating properties, minimal effects on water shifts, and relatively low cation concentration.

Heparin, a highly sulfated glycosaminoglycan is widely used as an injectable anticoagulant and has the highest negative charge density of any known biological molecule.

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Lithium Heparin

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There are currently three salts of heparin that are commonly used in blood collection devices: ammonium, lithium and sodium. Lithium heparin is the recommended form of heparin to be used because it is least likely to interfere when performing tests for other ions. Lithium heparin is essentially free of extraneous ions. It should not be used for collection of blood for lithium levels.

Heparin is the only anticoagulant that should be used in a blood collection device for the determination of pH, blood gases, electrolytes and ionized calcium. Heparin should not be used for coagulation or hematology testing.

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Anticoagulant

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A substance that prevents the clotting of blood

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Plasma

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The clear, yellowish fluid portion of blood, lymph, or intramuscular fluid in which cells are suspended. It differs from serum in that it contains fibrin and other soluble clotting elements

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Calcium Citrate

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Calcium citrate is the calcium salt of citric acid. Calcium citrate is also used as a water softener because the citrate ions can chelate unwanted metal ions.

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Thrombin

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Thrombin quickly clots blood.(activated Factor II [IIa]) is a coagulation protein that has many effects in the coagulation cascade. It is a serine protease (EC 3.4.21.5) that converts soluble fibrinogen into insoluble strands of fibrin, as well as catalyzing many other coagulation-related reactions.

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Thromboplastin

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Tissue factor, also called thromboplastin, factor III or CD142 is a protein present in subendothelial tissue, platelets, and leukocytes necessary for the initiation of thrombin formation from the zymogen prothrombin. Thrombin formation ultimately leads to the coagulation of blood.

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Anti Glycolytic Agent-don't know exact, but here's something on.

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gly·col·y·sis (glī-kŏl'ə-sĭs) Pronunciation Key
n.
An ATP-generating metabolic process that occurs in nearly all living cells in which glucose is converted in a series of steps to pyruvic acid.
The metabolic breakdown of glucose and other sugars that releases energy in the form of ATP.

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EDTA

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EDTA
Chemistry, Pharmacology. ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid: a colorless compound, C10H16N2O8, capable of chelating a variety of divalent metal cations: as a salt used as an anticoagulant, antioxidant, blood cholesterol reducer, food preservative; as a calcium-disodium salt used in the treatment of lead and other heavy-metal poisonings.

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Viral Load Testing

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The viral load test measures the amount of HIV virus in your blood.

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Sedementaion Rate

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The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), also called a sedimentation rate, sed rate or 'Biernacki Reaction', is a non-specific measure of inflammation that is commonly used as a medical screening test. The ESR is increased by any cause or focus of inflammation. The ESR is decreased in sickle cell anemia, polycythemia, and congestive heart failure. The basal ESR is slightly higher in females.

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HLA Tissue Typing

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Tissue type is a blood test that measures substances called antigens that determine whether donor tissue is compatible for transplant into another person. This test may also be called HLA typing. Antigens on the surface of body cells and tissues can tell the difference between normal body tissue or foreign tissue (for example, tissue from another person's body). Tissue type helps identify the best donor for tissues or blood cells (such as platelets). In some cases, tissue typing may be done to determine a person's risk for developing certain diseases, especially certain autoimmune diseases.