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127 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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the underpinnings of all the other kinds of Hinduism
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Vedanta
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the theory that you are the divine essence- I am Brahman, you are, the trees, EVERYTHING
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Monism
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What is the theory behind hinduism? (what do they believe)
What is the problem? |
We have everything we want, this religion helps us to realize we have everything.
Ego/self is the problem |
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4 paths of desire in hinduism
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Pleasure, worldly success, duty to community, and liberation
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What is Kama? and 2 qualifications to Kama?
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A hindu belief meaning Pleasure.
Do it in moderation, and don't harm anyone in finding your pleasure |
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In the 4 paths of desire, worldly success is defined by?
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Fame, Power, and Money
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Whats Dharma?
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In hinduism, it means your social duties to the community, it is one of the 4 paths of desire.
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Moksha?
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its liberation in Hinduism
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3 pieces to liberation in hinduism?
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Being, knowledge, and joy
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In Hinduism, what is the divine essence or the ultimate reality? A fixed permanent unchanging reality?>
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Brahman
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What is the self and soul in Hinduism? it is incharge of carrying Karma?
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Atman
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The concept of real and reality and Real and Reality?
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In hinduism, the lower case words mean everything we can physically see, and the upper case is everything that we should see in Monism and liberation
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What is the Hindus cycle of reincarnation called?
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Samara
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In hinduism, the illusion of what we want to understand?
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Maya
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The hindu's believe in two kinds of brahman? explain them?
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Nirguna Brahman: Divine (D) without attributes and Saguna Brahman: divine (d) with attributes, like Jesus Christ there is pics and drawings...
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What do the Hindus believe about Karma
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there is both + and -, everything causes Karma
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5 levels of Reincarnation rankings in hinduism? whats the goal?
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Gods, Humans, Animals, Plants, Hell beings. The goal is liberation.
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Who can become liberated in hindu beliefs? who/what decides this?
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Only humans, not even gods. the Atmans (or soul of the individual) Karma decides its fate, not brahman.
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What is Ramakrishna? describe it? Whose involved?
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Its the Hindu's story of their god. Involves narada= a human/seeker and Vishnu= a living god. The morale of the story is that life is little r- reality and god is big R.
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What is the way/path in Hinduism? what kinds? JKBR
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Using yoga, Jana, Bhakti, Karma, Raja yoga.
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define the 4 kinds of yoga in Hinduism?
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Jana= Yoga of knowledge
Bhakti= Yoga of love/devotion Karma= Yoga of work/action Raja= yoga of meditation |
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4 stages in hindu life?
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Student, Householder, Retirement (typically the end), and Sannyasin
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What is Sannyasin?
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in hinduism, it is the wandering soul that trys to find liberation and drops everything
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5 castes in the Hindu caste system? top to bottome BKVSO
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Brahmin(notice spelling), K-caste, Vaisha(merchants), Shudras (laborers), Outcastes
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What determines what Caste your in in Hindu belief?
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It depends on your parents, your born into it.
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Whats the problem in Janism? what keeps you from Heaven?
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The same as hinduism. Ego/self
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Name an atheistic religion we've studied?
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Jainism
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Where does Jainism come from and why is it considered atheistic?
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It comes from hinduism and they believe in gods, but there is no one divine creator
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Who is the founder of Jainism? why would a Jane disagree? What are his 3 names?
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Mahavira, Jina, or Tirthankara. In Jainism, you don't talk about him or say he is the creator
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When did people begin to focus on reasoning for human existence?
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The 6th Century BCE.
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What are the 5 auspicious moments in Mahavira's life? (his hero pattern)
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conception, Birth, Renunciation, Enlightenment/liberation, death
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Tell the story of Mahavira's conception?
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the skys opened and told a woman that she will be the mother, the 9 months were painless. It's said that he was already practicing Ahimsa(non-violence)
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Describe Mahavira's birth?
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Born into the K-caste, he gets married and has a daughter
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At what age does Mahavira become renunciated(a wanderer)? describe how he practiced?
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30 years old he becomes a wanderer. He practiced sever ascetic practices like letting misquitos bite all over him.
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1 story of Mahavira's renunciation period?
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A bush grabbed his clothes while walking one day. It ripped it off and he realized that he had no need for his clothing.
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What is miraculous about Mahavira's death?
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He dies at 72, he decided to fast himself to death, he survived without food or water for two weeks
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2 branches of Jainism? 2 differences between them?
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Digambaras- no clothes like mahavira and women can't liberate
Svetanbaras- can wear clothes and women can liberate. |
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What is one major difference between Hinduism and Jainism in Karma? How are they similar?
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Jain Karma is only negative, not both + and -. It is very bad to have Karma in this religion. Both believe in Atman(individuals soul)
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How does Karma "stick" to Jains?
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They believe it is physical matter that can actually stick to your atman
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What can Jains do about their Karma? how?2
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They can get rid of it by Very severe practices like Mahavira or Non-violence and nonattachment
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4 levels in Jain reincarnation? (kind of like Caste System in hinduism)
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Celestial Level- Mahavira and Siddhas which are people that have 0 Karma
Upper- Little Karma, GODS Middle- Humans Animals Plants Lower- Hell beings. |
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how many levels of hell are there in Jainism?
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8.4 million
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4 names of Buddha? The two most important 1st
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Buddha, Siddhartha, Gavtama, Shakyamuni.
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Why is buddha called siddhartha? then buddha?
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Siddhartha was before he was enlightened, buddha was after
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5 steps to Buddha's life
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Conception, birth, Renunciation, Enlightenment, and Death
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How is buddha conception and birth miraculous?
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He is conceived without sex and he was born in K-caste, his mother lean against a tree, he popped out the right side and landed on his feet walking and talking.
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How are Mahavira and Buddha similar
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They were both conceived without sex and born into K-caste
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When and what are the passing sights of Buddha?
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He was thirty, 1. discovers aging, 2. sick, 3. death, 4. sees a monk/seeker
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What is the symbolism behind the 4 passing sights of buddha?
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Who doesn't know this stuff at thirty?
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What kind of yoga did buddha practice first? and then what?
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Raja yoga, didn't work so he goes with severe astetic practies
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What did buddha find in severe astetic practices?
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the concept of the middle path, don't over indulge and don't deprive
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Is buddha really fat?>
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No, some say it is like a religious joke...
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What does buddha finally do before enlgihtenment?
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he finds meditation and returns enlightened
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Whats miraculous about buddha's death?
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He is 80 yrs old, he lies down with head facing north and body facing west.
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What were the 4 things buddha hated about Hindu Society? why?
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Caste System- thought it was wrong
Brahmin- thinks they're too powerful Ritual power-Only brahmin can read Vedas Sanskrit- wrong language |
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What are buddha's 4 noble truths
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Life is suffering, its caused by ego/self, if we eliminate desire/ego we eliminate suffering, eight fold path
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What are the two biggest differences between Hinduism and Buddism
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There is no atman, in buddhism there is nothing that is fixed and unchanging.
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Buddist beliefs on Karma?
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+ & -
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What is Anatman?
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The disbelief in an atman figure
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Is buddhism or jainism atheistic?
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both
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How do Buddist view Karma?
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There is Karma, but nothing carrys ones karmic load
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What is the Buddhist idea of Shunyata?
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Life is empty and there is nothing that is unchanging, no atman
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3 marks of exsistance in Buddhist belief?
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Impermanence, Suffering, Anatman
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Who is hojoki? what did he do?
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He was a buddhist, he wrote Kamo noChomei in 1212
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What does Hojoki's book describe?
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3 major disasters in Japan at the time
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how did the Mahayana buddhists come up with their new scripture?
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They said it had been passed down for years by word of mouth and now they were finally writing them down
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What does the term yana mean?
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Vehicle
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2 things that buddhist say are absolutly essential?
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Wisdom-being able to see it, compasion- to help others find it
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What will be the name of the future Buddha?
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Miroku
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2 things unique about Zen Buddhist
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martial arts and ways to do things
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4 martial arts of Zen Buddhism
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Judo, Aikido (Using someones force against them), Kyudo (archery), and Kendo
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4 ways Zen Buddhist do things?
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Chado, Kado, Shodo, Codo(incense)
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2 important people in Taoism? what did they do?
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Lao Tzu- Wrote the Tao te Ching, 2nd most printed book after bible
Chuang Tzu- Wrote the Chuang Tzu, one of our professors favorites |
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2 ways that we need to view Taoism?
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Philosophical Taoism and Religious Taoism
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4 things that Lao tzu tells us
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Tao is unique, The tao determines all things that depend on it, tao is mysterious, tao is spontaneous
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What is the Taoism creation story?
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Lao Tzu says 1 creates 2, 2 creates 3, 3 creates 10,000
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What is 1,2,3 in the Taoism creation story?
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1 is chaos, 2 is yin/yang, 3 is chi
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Describe Yin/yang
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They're opposites, Yin is female, soft, weak wet, yang is male, hard, strong, dry
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Whats Chi
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Vital energy, without it we die?
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Do Taoists believe in reincarnation
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no, they believe that we disapate and tao uses us as something else
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Who does tao favor yin or yang?
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Yin
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How many pairs of opposites in the Tao de Ching? 3 groups?
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70 pairs, active-passive, tough-soft, competitive-non competitive
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Whats Wu Wei?
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The idea of doing nothing and taking no action in Taoistic belief
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What do taoists believe about global warming
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that we're fucking with the tao and it pisses him off
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What kind of martial arts did the Tao practice?
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Judo- practice being soft and falling easily
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WHat did Mao Zedony do?
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In Taoism he wrote a book that described guerilla warfare
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Who described Chi?
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Both Chuang tzu and lao tzu
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tell the story of Tao's wife
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when she died he didn't want to mourn because he knew she was just going to be used by tao for something else.
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In religious Taoism, what is it about?
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benefits, if you want something, you go to the church and ask and pray
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What does religious Taoism say about Chi? 2 ways?
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you can gain it back and become immortal, through Alchemy(herbs, suspicion) and sex, both men and women
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Where does Taoism, Confucianism, and buddhism take place?
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All over China, many chinese use all three forms
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Who are two important people in Confucianism? what did each do?
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Confucious wrote the analects and Mencious wrote mencious
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What is the goal in Confucianism? what's wrong with it?
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To become a sage, a perfect being that is always right, its impossible.
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What do confucians think about human nature?
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that we're naturally good and know what is wrong and right
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4 things Confucious, as a historian believes?
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Filial piety, Ancestor rites, mourning rites, Reverence for heaven
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What 2 things, as a linguist, does confucious believe?
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Ritual and Humaneness(humanity)
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What is ritual (li= another name) in Confucianism?
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Its pattern action or the web of relationships
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What is the idea behind humaneness and humanity in confucianism?
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Its all the moral qualities that we should exhibt are exhibited in interactions with others
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Whats the worst thing a confucious can do?
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think of self/ego
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What is a three step way to get away from ego/self, in confucianism
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Education, Realization, and transformation
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Two things that Confucianism believe about nature? examples
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It teaches and provides, food and shelter, and also disasters
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What is the ultimate teacher in Confucianism? why, how?
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Heaven, it gets reports on us and uses nature to either help or hurt us.
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What are mencious's 5 relationships in order?
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father-son, ruler-entertainer, husband-wife, elder-younger, and friend-friend
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What does the left side of mencious's relationships show?
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that men are the elders and have the power
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A term that can be used to refer to more formalized responses to an invisible sacred reality, as shaped by a particular tradition
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Spirituality
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To perceive truth directly?
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Mysticism
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Where many attributes and forms of the divine are emphasized?
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polytheistic
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Where there is one underlying substance
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Monistic
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The belief that there is no deity?
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Atheism
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The feeling of not knowing wether or not god exists
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agnosticism
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Strongly believing your religion and causing violence against people in others
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Fundamentalism
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The religious concepts of intentional divine creation of all life forms?
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Creationism
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The concept of evolution
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Darwinism
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How did indigenous people open themselves for contact with the spirit world?
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vision quest
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The religious texts often refered to as the foundations of Sanatana Dharma?
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Vedas
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What is the oldest of the known vedic scriptures?
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Rig Veda
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The term used for liberation from the limitations of space, time, and matter through realization of the immortal absolute in hinduism?
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moksha
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Whats the sacred fireplace?
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havan
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the term for a hindu spiritual teacher?
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guru
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The highest state of perfection in Jainism
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Kevala
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The monastic order that developed from the Buddha's early disciples was called
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Sangha
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What is suffering and frustration in Buddhism?
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Dukkha
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One of the Earliest buddhist schools was called
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Theravada
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What is one of the most complex and paradoxical of the Mahayana teachings, the word means voidness or emptiness
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Sunyata
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Both Daoist and Buddhist groups continue to be recipients of new revelations and scriptures that are known as, _______ _______
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Precious scrolls
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Confucianism that stresses the importance of meditation and dedication to the noble person?
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NEo-confucianism
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The sense of taking no action against natural flow, in Daoism
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wu wei
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