Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is ethics and morality
|
an account of what is right and wrong
Ethics deas with more human rights |
|
|
What is Moral ntution
|
Basic gut reaction
|
|
|
Dr. Jones scenario
|
5 patients in a remote clinic and a homeless guy
u can kill him and use his parts to help the other ones |
|
|
Jack Bauer Scenario
|
Kill inonocent to save thousands
|
|
|
What is the Divine Command Theory
|
Morality is whatever God says it is
(no reasoning) |
|
|
Why dont we use theology
|
Divine Command Theory and God's wisdom
|
|
|
What is ethical Realitivision
|
Morale truths are relative to certain perspectives
1. Cultural Moral truths are relative to culture. Different cultures have different beliefs. |
|
|
Criticism of Ethical Relativism
|
No way to criticize another culture morales
Canabolism nazi culture rape slavery *** NO Objective truth about morality |
|
|
What is Moral Nihilism
|
There is no moral truth
this has all the same consequences as ethical relativism we can't rationally resolve disputes |
|
|
What is Emotivism
|
People are expressing how they feel
**They say statement is not factual and emotion Aborition is wrong ---> emotivists say aboriton boo |
|
|
Why does it make sesne to bleive in moral truths
|
There are universal moral princibles (murder, rape incest all bad)
|
|
|
What is Evdaimanism/Psychologicla Egoism
|
Our fundamental gaol is to live a happy, flourishing life
|
|
|
Crticize of Evadimanism/Egoism
|
Happiness can be different for differnet people
people may desire other thing Hard to apply |
|
|
Ultiliatarinism
|
Great good, which ever produces more happiness
|
|
|
Criticism of Ultilitarianism
|
People have different views of happiness
IMpossible calculations (reply- theory doesnt give you that, use rules of thumb) Too burdensom (reply is the drwoning child situation) Is happyness what people want? |
|
|
Kantian Ethics
|
Always treat rational beigns as ends in themselves never as mere means to some end
Morality is based on a law of pure reason (Categorical Impertive) Act only in the maxim that you can will as a universal law Test it to see if it were contradictable |
|
|
Criticism of Kantianism
|
To absolutist uncertain with consequences
How do we stop evildoers Infants/children are not rational |
|
|
What is Autonomy
|
respect the interest and choices of others
|
|
|
What is nonmalefiences
|
Dont harm people
|
|
|
What is Benefience
|
promote general welfare
|
|
|
What does automony say about sovling conlict
|
use moral intution
|
|
|
Social Contract Theory
|
Writen by Lock, Hobbes and Rousseau-
State of nature, no gov, free people with a self interest there's tacit consent the society is legit because they let you leave |
|
|
Tacit Concsent
|
by living here as an adult we agree by saying whe wee could have left
|
|
|
Rawls Ethics
|
Original position, you choose basic rules that govenr your society
use the veil of ignorance (dont know who you are) Choose two princibles of Justice |
|
|
What is the Liberty Princible
|
Equality liberties
ex: freedom of speech, right to property ect. |
|
|
What is the Difference Princible
|
A. Fair equality of opportunity (offices and positions open to all)
B. Goods shall be distrubted equally unless equal distrigbution benefits everyone (use progressive tax system) |
|
|
Criticize Rawls
|
Why not take a risk in pickin society (because you want to maximzie the risk of someone not gettin hurt)
Why not utilitarianism (someone might be sacrificed) |
|
|
Libertain and Nozicki
|
Wont take wealth away
wilt chamberlyn scenario Claled for justic |
|
|
Wilt chamberlyn scenario
|
deal to get paid money for every extra person that attends, he became rich and therw as no right to take away money
|
|
|
Defences of Capitalism
|
Private Property
The invisble hand |
|
|
Problems with Captialisic Results
|
An unequality
|
|
|
Moral Agent
|
Moral AgenA being or entity capable of understanding moral princibles ...
|
|
|
Is a corporation a Moral Agents
|
They have no soul but are because their leader ****
|
|
|
Jstification for punishment of corpoations
|
to prevent future bad behaivors
to deter others from doing |
|
|
Consequansialism
|
proper punishment is maximizing happiness
|
|
|
Narrow View of Corporate Responsibilty
|
To maximize profit within the rules (invisble ahnd and being able to creat profit for stock holder)
|
|
|
Reply to Narrow View
|
externalities
|
|
|
Governmental responce
|
use laws and incentives to enfoce good behaivor (reply not good enough because alws are often made after the fact)
|
