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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Two tasks Philosophers engage in.
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Analysis and Synthesis
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What is philosophy?
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The love of wisdom; comprises several distinct disciplines or methods that have in common the goeal of improving the condtion of human knowledge of the human condition
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What is the Greek Miracle?
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The birth of philosophy and science
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Wrote "Reverence for Life"-it takes the world as it is.
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Albert Schweitzer (1875-1965)
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Wrote on post-mortem life with courage.
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Abraham Maslow (1908-1970)
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Wrote "Man's Search for Meaning"-reveals the tour de force required to live. Live through Nazi imprisonment--"To live is to Suffer, to survive is to find meaning in the suffering"
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Viktor Frankl (1905-1997)
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Axiology
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A branch of philosophy that pertains to beauty, art and ethics
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A priori
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Not dependent on experience
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The best source of knowledge is the senses
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empiricism
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Notion of the truth
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Pragmatism
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Whatever exists apart from perception
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Real; Realism; Reality
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Types of reasoning
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Induction and Deduction
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These philosophers lived in early Greek philosophy
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Pre. Socratic Philosophers
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-He predicted an eclipse
-Said not everything happens by the will of the gods -lived through the birth of liberated thinking -lived through the Greek Miracle -thought everything was composed of something similar |
Thales
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Said, "You can never step into the same river twice"
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Heraclitus
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Was a mathematician (theorum named after him)--"music of the speres"
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Pythagorus
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What is the stuff that everything is made out of?
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fire, water, air, earth, ether
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Said "Universe is composed of atoms"
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Democritus
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Moral philosopher that we relate ideas/forms, beauty, goodness, and truth to
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Socrates
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Father of modern philosophy; was a mathematician and rationalist
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Rene Descartes
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Brought inductive method to western world. Was a synoptic (summary) philosopher.
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Fracis Bacon
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"Cogito ergo sum"
Methodical doubt |
"I think, therefore I am"
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Was a monist (believed everything is of one)
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Spinoza
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Where does the word "philosophy" come from?
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Philein "to love" and sophia "wisdom"---lover of wisdom
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Thought everything was made of water (one substance)
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Thales
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Said that acts of faith involve risk, which is accompanied by doubt
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Paul Tillich (1886-1965)
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Discovered "self-actualization" where man comes to terms with the unknown.
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Abraham Maslow
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Why do we need to understand life holistically?
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1. survival
2. need for meaning 3. need for psychological wholeness |
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What question does egocentric predicament ask and what does it do?
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It asks "can we know the world outside of our impressions of it?" and it limits us to a single point of view.
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Easy way to remember egocentric illusion
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thinks the world revolves around you
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Said that the self is a bundle of perceptions
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David Hume
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Whorton and Hunt studied specifically this:
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aristocentrism where one's group is the center of the universe.
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What does autonomy pertain to?
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-Acceptance of who you are
-knowledge of culture you grew up in -separate needs from beliefs about needs |
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What is the Buddha nature?
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spontaneous behavior
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What is explicitly committed to the doctrine "anatta" meaning "no self" and that "the self is an illusion"?
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Buddhism
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Who termed what Maslow called "self-actualization" "genuinely sane person?"
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Hayakawa
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Hayakawa determined 6 characteristics for a "geniunely sane person". What are these characteristics?
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1. Actualized individuals are not "well-adjusted", conforming to social norms
2.They are unusually open to what is going on inside themselves 3.They are not bothered by the unknown 4.They are remarkably existential, meaning they enjoy the present moments of life more fully 5.They are creative individuals 6.They are ethical in the deepest sense |
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Only individual persons and objects are real--this pertains to what latin word?
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Persona
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Wrote about a human being's true function--the human's most powerful metaphysical drive is to understand, to order, to sort out, andrearrange in ever more ordrly and understandably constructive ways---man's true function is metaphysical.
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Buckminster Fuller
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Random dabblers in all things known and unknown
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dilettnates
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A more or less coherent, all-inclusive frame of reference through which one sees the world; a subjective attempt to provide unity and consistency to the totality of one's experience
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worldview
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The quote "nothing is more wondrous than a human being when he begins to discover himself" refers to what?
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Self
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