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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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goal of philosophy
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To find truths through reason
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reasonable
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to have respect for an argument
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terms of art
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words that get used in a specialized way.
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argument
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reasons to support a claim. evidence to support a conclusion
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example of clue words
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therefore, since, thus ect..
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explanation
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accept something as true and explain why
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necessary condition
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requirement for something else
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sufficient condition
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enough for something else
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hypothetical or conditional statement
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if p then q..
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premise
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evidence supporting the conclusion
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sound argument
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valid argument with true premises (it is necessary and sufficient for proving an argument)
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argument evaluation
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discovers whether an argument is sound.
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can there be unsound arguments with true conclusions
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yes. unsoudn arguments only mean that the argument did not prove the truth of the conclusion.
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generalization
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statement made about wide topic that is not necessarily true.
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can an argument be valid but not sound
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yes. generalizations often can have valid arguments but not be sound.
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arguments can be..
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valid, invalid, unsound, sound
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conclusions can be..
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true, false, proven, unproven
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logical fallacies
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common invalid arguments
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denying the antecedent
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mistakenly supposing that p is necessary for q
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affirming the consequent
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mistakenly supposing that q is sufficient for p
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