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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Deductive
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If it is NOT possible for the premises to be true while the conclusion is false. VALID
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Invalid
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If it IS possible for the premises to be try while the conclusion is false
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Sources of Knowledge
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Sense experience- Basic observational knowledge
Inner experience- Knowledge of your own mind*meanings* Intuition of essence- -logical -Mathematical -Relations |
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Deductive Arguments
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Allows you to extend your knowledge with certainty.
-If premises are true, then the conclusion must be true |
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Inductive Arguments
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Allow you to extend your knowledge of what is probable
-If premises are true, then conclusion is LIKELY to be true |
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Modus Ponens MP
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P->Q Valid
P ____ Q |
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Modus Tollens MT
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P->Q Valid
nQ ____ nP |
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Hypothetical Syllogism HS
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P->Q The Dog Valid
Q->R ____ P->R |
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Disjunctive Syllogism DS
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PvQ Valid
nP ____ Q |
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Dilemma DM
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PvQ Valid
P->R Q->S ____ RvS |
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Affirming the Consequence AC
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P->Q Invalid
Q ____ P |
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Dening the Antecedant DA
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P->Q Invalid
nP _____ nQ |
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Ad Hominem
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*against the person*
you attack the persin instead of arguing against their views |
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Ad ignorantiam
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*appeal to ignorance*
can't disprove P ____________________ so P |
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Ad Populum
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*appeal to the people*
1)Appealing to the emotion of the people 2)Appealing to a person to go along with the crowd |
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Begging the Question
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-Implicity using your conclusion as a premises
-Assuming what you claim to be proving |
