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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Aristotle: The Human Good
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Life of pleasure, life honors (politics), life of wisdom (scholars). Happiness is highest good. Good of the city is more important that the good of the individual.
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The Challenge of Glaucon
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Ring of gyrus. The only reason why people are good is because there are laws that demand so. If those laws were taken away would we still act rightly?
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Ethical Egoism
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A person's life is his/her ultimate value. your life comes before all other things.
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Principal of alternate possibilities
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Frankfurt: A person is morally responsible for what they have done only if they could have done otherwise. Not always like this, could be hypnotized or coerced.
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Compatibilism
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The idea that free will and determinism are compatible ideas. Possible to logically believe both. Not free if we are forced to do something.
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Free Will
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Raises question whether people exercise control over actions, decisions, and choices.
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Mind/Brain Identity
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According to Descartees the body and brain is part of the material world and observable to all and subject to the laws of physics. Mind is only observable to its owner. They both work together.
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Functionalism
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the theoretical level between physical implementation and a behavioral output. Unmoved mover.
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Qualia
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Who knows
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Falsification
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Einstein's theory of relativity, something of a truth is more valuable if it can be falsified.
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Humean Argument against Induction
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Can't assume future from the past. ex) sun will rise tomorrow. the world is not consistent.
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Empiricism vs. Rationalism
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Empiricism- everything is known of experience
Rationalism- everything known is innate and known from a priori experience |
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I exist, therefore I am
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If one is thinking then he must exist. Foundation of thoughts is real. He must be thinking to be deceived by demon and if he can be deceived then he must exist
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Evil Genuis
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Descartes believes that he can know the senses, but they can be wrong. He can know the sciences, but they can be the wrong. The simplest things he can know but God may be deceiving him, but God is wholly good and would never do that BUT an evil genius would.
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Russel's Distinction Appearance vs. Reality
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Appearance, qualities such as shape texture and shape. Is it real? Is it what it appears to be.
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Mackie: Believers are false
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Idea of omnipotence which is illogical because if god creates humans with free will and is wholly good, then he contradicts himself because humans create evil.
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Naive Falsification
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Kitcher: it is naive to think that all science has to be falsified to be true because not all things are falsifiable.
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Modus Tolens
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Principal of correct reasoning. If A then B, not A therefore not B.
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