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70 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Definition of Chemistry
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... is a scientific study of matter, its properties, and interactions with other matter and with energy
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Definition of matter
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...is anything that takes up space and has mass
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Define a physical property
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A _________ property can be measured without changing the identity and composition of the substance.
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Define a chemical property
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A _______ property describes the way a substance may change, or react, to form other substances
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Pure research
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Type of research carried out to increase understanding of fundamental principles...
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Applied research
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type of research that is a form of systematic inquiry involving the practical application of science
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An element
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Is a one kind of atom, can’t be broken down and exists as an atom or molecule
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Molecule
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Is 2+ atoms of same or different elements bonded together
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Compound
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Atoms of 2+ different elements bonded that can be broken by CHEMICAL means
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Mixtures
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2+ different elements/compounds can be separated by PHYSICAL means
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Elements have different numbers of
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protons define what...
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Ions have different numbers of
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electrons define what...
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Isotopes have different numbers of
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neutrons define what...
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Mass number is ...
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number of proton + neutrons is what...
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prefix for 1
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mono
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prefix for 2
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di
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prefix for 8
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oxta
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prefix for 9
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nona
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prefix for 10
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deca
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prefix for 3
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tri
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prefix for 4
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tetra
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prefix for 5
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penta
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prefix for 6
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hexa
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prefix for 7
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hepta
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roman numerals (transition number) for 1
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I
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roman numerals (transition number) for 2
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II
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roman numerals (transition number) for 3
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III
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roman numerals (transition number) for 4
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IV
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roman numerals (transition number) for 5
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V
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roman numerals (transition number) for 6
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VI
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roman numerals (transition number) for 7
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VII
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roman numerals (transition number) for 8
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VIII
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roman numerals (transition number) for 9
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IX
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roman numerals (transition number) for 10
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X
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____ deci(gram) = ____ (grams) = d(grams)
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10 _____ (grams) = 1 (gram)
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___ centi(grams) = ___ (grams) = c(grams)
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100 _____ (grams) = 1 (gram)
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____ milli(grams) = ____ (grams) = m(grams)
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1000 ____ (grams) = 1 (grams)
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____ micro(grams) = ____ (grams) = u(grams)
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1,000,000 ____ (grams ) = 1 (grams)
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____ nano(grams) = ____(grams) = n(grams)
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1,000,000,000 ___ (grams) = 1 (gram)
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___femto(grams) = ___ (grams) = f(grams)
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1,000,000,000,000,000 ____ (grams) = 1(gram)
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____ pico(grams) = ___(grams) = p(grams)
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1,000,000,000,000___ (grams) = 1(gram)
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___ deka(grams) = ___(grams) = da(grams)
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10 (grams) = 1 ___ (grams)
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___ hecto(grams) = ___(grams) =h(grams)
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100 (grams) = 1 ___ (grams)
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___ kilo(grams) = ___(grams) = k(grams)
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1000 (grams) = 1 ___ (grams)
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___ mega(grams) = ___(grams) = M(grams)
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1,000,000 (grams) = 1 ___ (grams)
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___ giga(grams) = ___(grams) = G(grams)
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1,000,000,000 (grams) = 1 ___ (grams)
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___ tera(grams) = ___(grams) = T(grams)
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1,000,000,000,000 (grams) = 1 ___ (grams)
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___ peta(grams) = ___(grams) = P(grams)
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1,000,000,000,000,000 (grams) = 1 ___ (grams)
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covalent compounds
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share electrons between two non-metals
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ionic compounds
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transfers electrons between metal and non-metal
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metallic compound
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sea of electrons between two metals
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positive ions
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cations
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negative ions
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anions
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naming covalent compounds
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use prefixes to define how many of each element
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naming ionic compounds
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define charges of transition metals using roman numerals for these types of compounds
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metals & transition metals charge
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positive charge associated with what type of element
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non-metals charge
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negative charge is associated with what type of element
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H2S
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hydrosulfuric acid
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H2SO4
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sulfuric acid (hydrogen sulfate)
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H2SO3
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sulfurous acid (hydrogen sulfite)
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NaHCO3
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sodium bicarbonate
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acids have
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hydrogens are around at the end/beginning of ___
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bases have
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hydroxides (OH-) are found in ____
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strong acids
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HI, HBr, HI, H2SO4, HNO3, HClO4, HClO3
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strong bases
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group 1 & 2 with hydroxides (OH-)
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strong electrolytes
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BREAK UP :)
salts (aq) -not solid or liquids) strong acids strong bases |
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weak electrolytes
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Don't break up
solids, liquids weak acids weak bases |
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acid "ate"
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acids with "ic" come from
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acid "ite"
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acids with "ous" come from
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if acid not having polyatomic ion
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add hydro to acids that don't have ____
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