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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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We focus too ________ (1) on being loved and too _______ (2) on loving as a capacity we can cultivate. |
1. much 2. little |
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How do we tend to see love? |
As a quest for a desirable object, not development |
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Why do we believe love should be easy? |
Because we confuse falling in love and being in love |
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Why is love an art? |
because you develop it over time with practice, knowledge and skill |
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We are __________ being a potential object of love |
passive |
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What are the 3 conditions to learn an art? |
1. Master the theory 2. Master the practice 3. Make the mastery of the art an object of ultimate concern |
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Hera/Zeus |
Married, Power Couple |
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Belligerent Man & Strong, indepedent woman |
Ares & Athena |
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Mother Daughter bond |
Demeter/Persephone (and Poseidon) |
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Artemis & Apollo |
Revengeful virgin and god of measure & reason |
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Beauty and the Beast |
Aphrodite & Hephaistos |
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Gendered division of labour |
Hestia & Hermes |
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The God of Love |
Eros |
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God of Wine and Ecstasy |
Dionysus |
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Philosophia meaning |
philein: to love/desire + sophia: wisdom |
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Birth of Philosophia |
Presocratics: Search for principle of nature |
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"Sense of wonder is the mark of the philosopher. Philosophy indeed has no other origin." - ? |
Plato |
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What is Paiderastia? |
"Greek Love" A love between an older man and a young boy, in which the older man must court the young boy, be resisted and be consented to. |
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Origin of Paiderastia? |
- Zeus abducting Ganymede - Initiation into manhood, rite of passage - Militaristic application - Democracy |
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young, beloved, passive, not aroused, does not enjoy sexual relationship |
Eramenos (the young boy) |
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Married older lover, active. Provides guidance, gifts and connections. |
Erastes (old man) |
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What is Kouroi? |
The idea that young men are seen as the central, erotic object. I.e. in sculptures, athletes, etc. |
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Which Plato dialogues focus on love? (4) |
1. The Lysis 2. The Symposium 3. The Phaedrus (first part) 4. The Laws (Book 8) |
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What are the platonic forms? |
Concepts that are innate knowledge. Recollection of ideas that were already inside of you. |
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Example of an intelligible form. |
Beauty. Beautifulness. |
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Why is beauty an intelligible form? |
1. It is not affected by time or relative. 2. It is transient and doesn't last forever. But always exists. 3. Stable and absolute. 4. It is a paradigm that concrete things imitate. |
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What are the 6 features of the forms? |
1. unique 2. separate 3. stable, eternal 4. absolute, non-relative 5. not sensible 6. more substantial, valuable and real |
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Where did the creation of Platonic Love come from? |
Plato's critique of Paiderastia. Reversal of the roles, transforming to desexualisation. |
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What did Agathon say in his speech at the symposium? |
He talked about the traditional view of Eros as a young and beautiful God |
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Speech about "love as a natural, cosmic force of attraction, active in differet sphere |
Eryximachus |
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The noble Eros follower of Aphrodite Urania as opposed to the vulgar one, follower of Aphrodite Pandemia. |
Pausania |
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Where does the myth of the soul mate come from? |
Aristophane's speech at the symposium |
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3 Points of Aristophane's Speech |
1. Love is a search for wholeness 2. Source of "the soul mate", other half 3. Individuals are incomplete without their soul mate reunion 4. There was once a division in two separate spheres |
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Problems with Arisophane's speech? |
1. only works for first generation of humans 2. homo-erotic attraction is normalized, bisexuality is not accounted for. 3. states that love doesn't create anything new, it is in the past and is nostalgic |
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Platonic Love Definition |
emotional and spiritual relationship that does not involve sexual desire. |
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Eros is an ________________ being between lack and fulfilment: he is an ___________ being that pursues beauty. |
Intermediary, aspirational |
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Eros birth? |
Poverty (mother) + Resourcefulness (father) |
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He was born on who's birthday? |
Aphrodite's. Attached to beauty. |
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His aspiration to beauty and immortality leads to... |
the desire to procreate. |
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two types of humans? |
Physically fertile and spiritually fertile |
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Diotima's lower mysteries of love |
1. physical procreation 2. spiritual procreation |
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What is physical procreation? |
results from the sexual union of male and female (human children) |
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Spiritual procreation? |
production of more noble children in the context of homo-erotic couple: noble laws, political consitutions, works of art.. (creation, spiritual children) |
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5 Stages of the Ladder of Love (Higher mysteries) "love inspired by beauty leads us up the ladder" |
1. beauty of one beautiful boy 2. physical beauty in a multiplicity of bodies 3. beauty of the soul - activities 4. beauty of sciences 5. beauty of the beautiful itself |
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4 phases of Phaedrus, love as transformative |
1. phase of recognition and projection/idealization 2. phase of self-improvement 3. phase inspiration and transformation 4. phase of anteros (love in return) |
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Lover falls in love with someone who resembles the god they followed in the procession |
phase of recognition and projection/idealization |
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Beloved feels desire for lover who made the transformation |
Phase of Anteros (love in return) |
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lover is inspired by the resemblance of the god and beloved that they want to become more like them |
phase of self improvement |
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lover contributes to the betterment of the beloved too, beloved is inspired by the lover's vision and is transformed. |
phase of inspiration and transformation |
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Level 1 of Platonic Love |
disciplined, remain chaste despite intense desire and occasional physical contact |
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level 2 |
moderate, occasional relapses in sexual activity (especially under wine influence) |
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level 3 |
sexually immoderate in their behaviour, out of control |
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Features of authentic platonic love (7) |
1. practice of self control (eliminate sex, keeping attraction) 2. sublimation of sexual energy 3. mutual transformation through idealization 4. Reciprocity of benefits and desire 5. Life long process 6. source of mystical experience or philosophical recollection 7. non sexually abusive |
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- beloved lady as model of virtue and perfection, ideal of purity. Devotion of knight for his lady as a source of virtuous accomplishments. |
Courtly Love |
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What is Vlastos criticism of Platonic Love |
- platonic love is self centered, instrumentalizes the beloved - does not care for the beloved for their own sake - does not care about the beloved as they really are currently, but only how they will become |
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Three types of love |
1. eros 2. philia 3. agape |
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guest friendship |
xenia |
