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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Broad determinism |
Every event in material realism is determined Our choices are made in the material realm Therefore our choices are determined. |
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Volitional determinism |
We always act upon our strongest motives |
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Libertarianism |
Believe we have free choice Dictated by your world view |
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Monism |
We're made up of one type of substance |
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Dualism |
We're a composite of the material and immaterial |
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Posit |
To put forward as truth |
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Incorrigibility |
Something is true by just being believed |
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Intentionality |
The power of minds to be about, to represent, or to stand for, things, properties and states of affairs Aboutness |
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Qualia |
Individual instances of subjective, conscious experience. |
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Good |
That which is or conduces happiness |
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Predesination |
Genes, environment and God determine our choices |
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Disparate |
Very different |
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Happiness |
State of being satisfied with the overall pattern of ones life A condition resulting from a life that is rich in the higher pleasures |
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Materialism |
The doctrine that nothing exists except matter and its movements and modifications |
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Ethical nihilism |
There is no right or wrong |
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Ethical absolute |
Something that is always right or wrong |
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Ethical relativism |
Belief that right and wrong are established by the time and culture people live |
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Ethical subjectivism |
Morality depends on how we think/perceive something |
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Ethical egoism |
The right act is the one that produces the greatest happiness for oneself |
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Ethical pragmatism |
The ends justifies the means |
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Altruism |
View that I should put interests of others ahead of my own |
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Justice |
Treating others with dignity, respect, and kindness (love) Set of actions taken by the state to preserve and protect the natural rights of its citizens. |
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Two arguments against determinism |
It is self refuting Free will exists |
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Mind/Body problem |
Explains how the physical and mental states interact since the human body is material and the mind is non-physical. |
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2 arguments against dualism |
Violates law of parsimony Interaction argument |
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Sociobiology |
How humans interact (behavior) in nature |
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Nature vs. Nurture |
The genes in our cells determine the different traits vs. environmental factors being the main origin of our behavior |
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Law of parsimony |
The simplest explanation that fits all the facts |
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Intrinsic vs. instrumental goods |
naturally good vs. good because of its purpose |
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If determinism is true |
Every punishment and reward are never deserved Feelings of guilt and regret don't make sense There can be no moral obligations or human dignity |
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Absolute vs. objective moral duties |
Duties regardless of circumstances vs. duties depending on the situation |
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Kant's 3 postulates of practical reason |
God Free will Immortality |
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3 arguments against ethical relativism |
It's difficult to identify a culture We're part of multiple cultures Who determines what's right and wrong in the culture |
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Selfish acts |
Done for oneself without regard for its affect on others |
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Higher pleasures |
Emotional, euphoric feeling, opposite is dissatisfaction |
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Lower pleasures |
Physical, can have too much, opposite is pain |
