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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Essence |
sum of essential properties, a thing's "whatness" |
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Metaphysical Realism |
view that essences possess objective reality; they exist by themselves |
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Nominalism |
view that essences are merely names by which we group things together |
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Conceptionalism |
view that essences exist, only as ideas in our minds; NOT objectively in reality |
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Monism |
Reality reducible to one |
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Pluralism |
Reality is more than one thing |
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Dualism |
Differences between immaterial mind and material brain |
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Materialism |
Only matter exists |
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Mind |
Emergent Property of brain; brain can cause mental events but mental events cannot cause physical events |
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Contiguity |
in order for P to cause Q, they must come in contact with each other either directly or indirectly |
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Priority |
in order for P to cause Q, P must come into contact with Q prior to uncaused event |
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Identity Thesis |
Mental states are equal or identical to brain states |
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Mechanistic Materialism |
all things are reducible to matter and motion and therefore is predetermined by fixed laws |
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Co-extensionality |
for every mental state there is an existing brain state, BUT it does not mean that every mental state is identical to a brain state |
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Soft Behaviorism |
Behavior patterns are all that is observable about a person but there may be more |
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Hard Behaviorism |
All that there is to a person is behavior patterns |
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Functionalism |
all mental states are reducible to physical processes or systems rather than physical substance |
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Intentionality |
Mind is aware, brain is not |
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Interactionism |
Mind and body casually interact |
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Parallelism |
For every physical state there is a mental state. They have no causal relationship but they do correspond |
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Pre-established Harmony |
physical states have been pre-ordained by God to correspond to appropriate mental states |
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Occasionalism |
mind and body are casually independent |
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Epiphenomenalism |
Brain can cause mental events but mental events cannot cause physical events |
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Libertarianism |
type of incompatilbilism that rejects determinism |
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Agent Causation |
theory held by many Libertarians which holds that personal agents are the direct, uncaused causes of their actions |
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Compatibilism |
freedom and determinism are compatible |
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Idealism |
matter exists only due to mind |
