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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Freedom and Control?
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If nobody now can do anything about the fact that A will do something(including A themself), then A will not do that thing freely
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What is Transfer of Necessity?
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If nobody can do anything about P, and nobody can do anythingabout the fact that if P then Q, then nobody can do anything about the fact that Q.
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What is Necessity of Past Truth?
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If P was true yesterday, then nobody now can do anything aboutthe fact that P was true yesterday.
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What is the Necessity of Past Belief?
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If God infallibly believed P yesterday, then nobody now can doanything about the fact that God infallibly believed P yesterday.
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What is the argument for theological fatalism?
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(1) God infallibly believed K yesterday. (Assumption)
(2) So nobody now can do anything about the fact that God infallibly believed K yesterday. (1 + Necessityof Past Belief) |
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Explain the theological argument as an argument against theism
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(1) If there is an always all-knowing being, then no one ever acts freely. (Supported by the TheologicalFatalism argument)
(2) Sometimes some people act freely. (Premise) (3) So there is no always all-knowing being. (1 + 2) |
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What is the Boethian response? Is it effective?
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God is timeless. So really, God didn't believe K yesterday. Rather, God believes K timelessly.
Doesn't the same fatalist argument arise for the assumption “God infallibly believes K timelessly”? |
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What is the Ockhamist response? Is it effective?
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“God infallibly believed K yesterday” isn't really a fact just about the past: it’s a “soft fact”, that alsodepends on what the future is like. So people can still do something about it.
How can beliefs in the past depend on what the future is like? |
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What is the molinist response? Is it effective?
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(1) God knows every counterfactual of freedom: propositions like “If Jeff is in … circumstances,Jeff will freely do …”
(2) God knows what God creates. (3) All true propositions follow from what God creates plus the counterfactuals of freedom, and God knows this. (4) So God knows all true propositions. How does this help? Which premise of the Theological Fatalism argument should be given up? |
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What, broadly, is nurtured belief?
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It is an accident of birth and upbringing that we have them [meaning certain beliefs], rather thanbeliefs sharply rival to them
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What is Cohen's Argument?
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(1) It is not rational to believe P rather than Q when you lack good reason to believe P rather than Q.
(2) (Cohen’s Principle.) If you cannot justifiably believe that your grounds for believing P are better than another’s grounds for believing Q, then you lack good reason to believe P rather than Q. (3) People in Nurtured Belief cases continue to believe P even though they know they cannot justifiablybelieve their grounds for believing P are better than another’s grounds for believing Q. (4) So people in Nurtured Belief cases believe P irrationally. |
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What three answers does E give to what is a pious action? |
First Answer: A pious action is prosecuting my father. Second Answer: A pious action is actions the Gods think are pious Third Answer (i.e. Euthypro's identity): What all the gods love is pious and the opposite is what the gods hate |
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What is Socrates' argument against Euthyphro's identity? |
(1) A is loved by all the gods because all the gods love A. Where A is a pious action |
