Phil 230 Lynch

Front 1

The narrator of the dialogue (and name of the book)

Back 1

Phaedo

Hint 1

In your book its the name of the chapter

Front 2

Does Socrates actually want to die?

Back 2

Yes socrates does actually want to die inoder to obtain pure knowledge.

Front 3

(True or False) Socrates concludes that suicide is morally required for all "true" philosophers.

Back 3

False, Suicide is not required for all "true philosophers.

Front 4

The first argument for the immortality of the soul is called.....

Back 4

The Cyclical argument

Hint 4

The arguments from the opposite from the opposites.
Ex: being dead comes form being alive.

Front 5

(True or False)
the Contradictory of "Alive" is "dead"

Back 5

False
Contradictory: Alive = Not Alive

Hint 5

Contradictories: you can be one or another but nothing in between. ex: being pregnant you cant be kinda pregnant. You either are pregnant 0r your not pregnant.

Front 6

(True or False) Forms are subjective, not objestive

Back 6

False
Forms are objective.

Hint 6

subjective: depends of subject
ex: beauty is in the eye of the beholder. yet socrates believes that beauty is a form therefor it is objective.
Objective: Its not dependent on the subject.
ex: A circle is a circle no matter what.

Front 7

(True or False) Forms are real Physical objects

Back 7

False
Forms are not made out of anything

Hint 7

Forms are invisible, like the soul, it is not made out of anything, it is divine and immortal.

Front 8

(True or False) The Recollection argument establishes that general concepts were acquired through sense experience in a previous embodied life on earth.

Back 8

False: To recollect: is to have knowledge prior to having sense experience, it is not embodied on earth.

Hint 8

general concepts are acquired through recollection: and b/c the objects were not required after our births, they must have been acquired before our births.

Agrees with apriori- you can have knowledge independent of sense experience.

Front 9

The Affinity Argument compares the soul to two things. what are they?

Back 9

1) Forms
2)Gods

Hint 9

Two kinds of realities (visible./inviisble)
soul is invisible along with (Forms & Gods)

Front 10

The Final argument form the essential properties

Back 10

The final argument

Hint 10

some properties are essential; that is a thing cant be the kind of thing it is, unless it has the property.

**Life is an essential property of the soul** therefore the soul cant be dead => the soul is deathless( aka immortal)

Front 11

name all the arguments

Back 11

i) Cyclical
ii) the Recollection
III) The Affinity
IV) The Final

Front 12

Socrates wants to know what the cause of "coming"and "ceasing" to be are. so he asks " why does a thing become a living thing?" Waht are the differnt causes explained by socrates?

Back 12

1) Physical cause
2) Mind as a cause
3) Forms as Cause

Hint 12

1) men grow through eating and drinking
2) Women who was about to get married had her brother hit by a bus.. wanted to know why did he have to dye..she didnt want the reason "because he was hit by a bus" she wanted and answer more like " It was his time to go"
3) The concept of the thing. "the Beautiful" cause is because of "beautiful" things

Front 13

Define: Physical causes

Back 13

scientifiic explanations are insuffieciently general. Socrates believed they faild to supply the necessary and sufficeint conditions

Front 14

Define:The Mind as a

Back 14

reflection of how it would be good for things to be.

Hint 14

whats is a particular things purpose?

Front 15

Define: Forms as a cause

Back 15

Forms are the causes of the particular things they exemplify.

Hint 15

The existence of a Beautiful exists by itself. It is beautiful for no other reason than being Beautiful. The cause of a things property must be property itself & cant be the opposite of being that property.

Front 16

How does Aristotle account of causes (for things to exist) compared with platos?

Back 16

1)the effiecient cause
2)the material cause
3) The Final Cause
4) The Formal Cause

Hint 16

1) How did a sculpture come to be?
2) what is a statue made out of?
3) Whats a statues purpose for existing?
4) The idea in a sculptors mind was the cause of the statue being created.

Front 17

what are the platonic Forms?

Back 17

The platonic forms are abstract concepts like "friendship, equality, Beauty, and courage. Which exist as immaterial and unchanging ideas.
- they are universal ideas, that are completely objective. Everything thats real, has real properties, owes its reality to the forms

Hint 17

Forms are invisible

Front 18

How does the platonic Forms relate to the recollection argument?

Back 18

-forms are recollected.
-We have knowledge prior to sense experience .
-Thoe soul existed prior to birth.
you have the idea of the perfect achieved from the world of forms.

Hint 18

Apriori - knowledge that you can have independent of sense experience.

Front 19

How does the platonic Forms relate to the Affinity argument?

Back 19

-The soul is compared to forms and the gods.
-The soul is like a form is is universal and particular.
- The soul is like god, god cant die and soul cant die. Therefore the soul is immortal .

Hint 19

The soul is compared to two substances.

Front 20

How does the platonic Forms relate to the FiNAL argument?

Back 20

The Forms are supposed to tell you what the essential propeties are.

Hint 20

Formal cause of something being p; p must be p it self, and cant be the opposite of that property. Life is an essential property of death, so the soul cant have the property of death. Therefore the soul is deathless.