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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Begging-the-Question Fallacy
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assumes truth of conclusion in premises
(in 4 diff. ways) |
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Inconsistency Fallacy
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uses premises that are incompatible with one another
OR draw a conclusion that contradicts one of the premises |
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Arguing-in-a-circle Fallacy
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uses the very conclusion that the arguer is trying to establish as one of its premises.
(Doesn't offer support for evidence for the conclusion.) |
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Question-begging-Language
Fallacy |
uses language that implicitly assumes the truth of his or her conclusion about thew issue.
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Complex-question-Fallacy
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the arguer asks a question in a way that implictly assumes a particular answer to
OR Assumes a position onan unasked question about an issue that is still open. |
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Question-begging deffinition Fallacy
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uses a highly questionable definition of a key term in its premises, which has the effect of making the arguer's conclusion "true by definition."
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Denying the Antecedent
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denying the antecedent of a conditional statement & then inferring the denial of the consequent
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Modus Poens
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If A, then B, (premise)
and A, (premise) Therefore, B. (conclusion) |
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Affirming the Consequent
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affirming the consequent of a conditional statement and then inferring the affirmation of the antecedent.
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Modus Tollens
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If A, then B, (premise)
and not-B. (premise) Therefore, not-A. (conclusion) |
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False Conversion
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reversing the antecedent and consequent of a conditional statement or exchanging the subject and predicate terms in a universal affirmative statement and then inferring that these converted statements retain their original truth value.
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Undistributed Middle Term
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Drawing a conclusion in a syllogism in which the middle term in the premises is not distributed at least once .
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Illicit Distribution of an End Term
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drawing a conclusion in a syllogism in which a distributed end term in the conclusion is not distributed in the premises.
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