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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The inventor of pragmatism or pragmaticism |
Charles Sanders Pierce |
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Pragmatism is a fundamental method.... |
...for knowing and determining the meaning of facts |
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What is equivalent to the basic experimental procedures of the laboratory sciences, but may be employed in any field of knowledge.
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Pragmatism is equivalent to the basic experimental procedures of the laboratory sciences, but may be employed in any field of knowledge.
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Abduction |
The process of forming an explanatory hypothesis. This includes guessing. |
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Deductive reasoning |
The process by which certainty of knowledge is expressed and erroneous hypothesis are eliminated. |
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Three parts to Pragmatism (Not the initials, give detail) |
1) Identify the problem, 2) Offer an explanatory hypothesis through abductive means 3) Test our hypothesis against the problem by deductive means, especially to eliminate with certainty our hypothesis should it prove erroneous - Any surviving hypothesis, by inductive means, give probable and perhaps reliable results |
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Inductive reasoning |
Probabilities are examined for further investigations, hypothesis surviving our attempts at deductive elimination are viewed - Hypothesis surviving testing take on probabilistic, inductive characters. |
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Pragmatism's three parts (Initials) |
PHT PROBLEM-HYPOTHESIS-TEST |
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Realism |
The doctrine that there are such real objects of knowledge that are independent of our personal opinions. Claims trees or rocks are real, but there are also abstract non-concrete objects which are real. |
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Nominalism |
A doctrine that is more subjective in determining the nature of things. There are no real objects. The nominalist would say that examples of trees and rocks are nothing but instances of collected properties or characteristics of what we consider to be trees and rocks |
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Metaphysics |
When the subject of our inquiries is the nature of reality, we are dealing with metaphysics. |
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Epistemology |
also called philosophy of knowledge – when the subject is human knowledge itself we are dealing with it is epistemology. |
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Practical certainty |
something didn't work in the past, does not work currently, we know with practical certainty that it will not work in the future. |
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Ideal certainty |
As when we notice and correct mistakes according to ideal background principles. |
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External permanency |
Something upon which our thinking has no effect, yet it affects everyone. |
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Sir Karl Popper said... |
We do not discover new facts or effects by copying them |
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Axiom |
The original assumption or beginning assumption |
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Father of american phycology |
William James who defined pragmatism as a theory of truth in human actions |
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The humoral theory is shown false by |
Deductive certain elimination of error in a practical sense. |
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The humoral theory of disease is no longer relevant in modern medicine because.... |
It has been eliminated, with practical certainty. |
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After discovering or selecting a hypothesis for a problem we are examining, pragmatism guides us to eliminate – – – this hypothesis if we can |
Deductively |
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Pragmatism: With successful application of a theory, the theory's survival of the testing process confers on that theory....
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Inductive probability
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What is the difference between certainty in a practical sense and that of an ideal sense |
practical certainty is when you routinely take the sum of two and two to four, and ideal certainty is and we notice and correct mistakes in performing addition according to ideal background principles |
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Ordinary human experience, if undogmatic, is... |
... guided, but not dictated to, by pragmatism |
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The process by which certainty of knowledge is expressed and erroneous hypothesis are eliminated. |
Deductive reasoning
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Probabilities are examined for further investigations, hypothesis surviving our attempts at deductive elimination are viewed |
Inductive reasoning |
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Something upon which our thinking has no effect, yet it affects everyone. |
External permanency |
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The process of forming an explanatory hypothesis. This includes guessing. |
Abduction |
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Something didn't work in the past, does not work currently, we know with ----- that it will not work in the future. |
Practical Certainty |
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The original assumption or beginning assumption |
Axiom |
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Something upon which our thinking has no effect, yet it affects everyone.
Something upon which our thinking has no effect, yet it affects everyone, is called what? |
Something upon which our thinking has no effect, yet it affects everyone is external permanency.
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