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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
One of the problems raised by Kant's view is that |
moral truths are absolutes and absolutes can conflict |
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Kant is a... |
non-consequentialist or deontological theorist |
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Who wrote, "On Liberty?" |
MIll |
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Kant's view is a rationalist view which means that reason tells us which rules promote the greatest good |
False, his view is deontological (duty based) |
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"The gap between the rich and the poor is wide" is what kind of statement? |
Descriptive |
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"The gap between the rich and the poor is unjust" is what kind of statement? |
Normative (opinion?) |
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How are we to choose which rules are best according to utilitarianism? |
by experience alone |
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According to rule utilitarianism, moral rules are intrinsically valuable |
False (pleasure?) |
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The idea that all moral knowledge comes from experience alone is known as |
empiricism |
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How are we to choose which rules are best, according to Kant? |
Reason. Rules should be selected by reason alone. |
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On a utilitarian view, moral truths may be known with certainty |
False, on Kant's view moral truths may be known with certainty |
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According to libertarianism, what kinds of laws are justified? |
laws that protect us from harm from others |
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The object of "On Liberty" is to assert one principle. What is that principle? |
The Harm Principle |
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According to the principle defended in "On Liberty" a. the right act is one that promotes greatest utility b. we are never permitted to interfere w/another person's liberty c. paternalistic intervention in the lives of mature adults is not permitted d. all of the above e. none of the above |
c. paternalistic intervention in the lives of mature adults is not permitted
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Mill argues that the reason we are free is that we are born with inalienable rights, one of them being the right to liberty |
False |
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What is meant by "utility" in "On Liberty"? a. natural rights b. rational duty c. physical pleasure d. all of the above e. none of the above |
e. none of the above |
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Even if a controversial view is true, if the majority believes it is false, the controversial view should not be allowed because it will make the majority unhappy, according to Mill. |
False |
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If a view is false and offensive to the greatest number, it should not be allowed because of the pain it will produce, according to Mill. |
False |
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Which of the following is true regarding Mill's view on the liberty of action? a. we are only free to do those actions that promote the most utility b. we are free to do anything at all c. we are free only to treat humanity as an end and never as a means only d. none of the above |
d. none of the above |
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Does Mill think we should be able to do things that hurt ourselves if they hurt only ourselves? |
Yes, because it allows people to choose for themselves in an indispensable element in utility in the largest sense grounded on the permanent interest of man as a progressive being |
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What is Mill's view of what he calls "experiments of living"? |
If people want to experiment with new or different lifestyles, they should be allowed to do so, as long as they don't harm others |
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According to the text and lecture, justice is about what promotes the most utility |
False |
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If a person has a negative right to something it requires that others provide something to the person with that right |
False |
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According to Mill, paternalism promotes utility in the largest sense |
False |
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According to Mill, unless a view is examined fully, frequently, and fearlessly, |
ALL OF THE ABOVE -dead dogma -held in a manner of prejudice -meaning of the doctrine itself will be lost |
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Who wrote, "What Libertarianism is"? |
Hospers |
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A right is a claim or entitlement to something |
True |
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If a person has a positive right to something, then others have the right not to interfere with that persons exercise of that right. They have no obligation to provide something for the person, only an obligation not to do something |
False |
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If the right to life is a positive right, we have an obligation to provide the bare minimum needed to stay alive |
True |
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If the right to life is negative, we have only the obligation not to kill each other unjustly |
True |
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The right to property is a positive right, people are entitled to the property they need |
True |
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Kant thinks lying is wrong because of the emotional pain it causes, not merely the physical |
False |
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On Kant's view, moral truths may be known with certainty |
True |
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Kant's view is deontological, meaning it is rooted in religion rather than consequences |
False |
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Which of the following is an imperative? a. Ppl always act on the maxim they can will a universal law b. treating humanity always as an end is right c. be happy! d. all of the above |
c. be happy! |
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According to Kant, pleasure is intrinsically valuable |
False |
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A hypothetical imperative is in the form, "If you want X, then do Y!" |
True |
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Kant thought moral imperatives were hypothetical imperatives |
False |
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A will is a good will if and only if it sincerely desires to do the right thing and always acts according to that desire |
False |
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I a person does the right thing by keeping a promise, that act has no moral worth if it is solely out of love for the person, on Kant's view |
True |
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A good will, according to Kant, is the will that chooses according to reason and is not swayed by desire. |
True |
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Kant's view is like rule utilitarianism in that |
according to both, the formulation of rules is an important part of moral deliberation |
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According to Kant, it is always wrong to treat a person as a means |
False
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On Kant's view, lying to keep from hurting a person's feelings treats that person merely as a means |
True |
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Treating a person better than he or she deserves treats that person as an end by recognizing the intrinsic value of that person |
False |
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Which of the following is a correct formulation of Kant's categorical imperative? |
b. so act as to treat humanity, whether yourself or others, in every case as an end withal, never as a means only |
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If a person does what is right out of self-love the act has no moral worth, according to Kant, but if it is done out of love for humanity, that person's act has great moral worth, according to Kant. |
False |
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When Mill says that we have the liberty of tastes and pursuits, he means only that we have the liberty to think and say what we choose. |
False
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Kant's view is a relativist view |
False |
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On Kant's view we know that lying promises are wrong because |
the rule that allows it leads to contradiction |
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If a person does the right thing because reason says to do it, the act has no moral worth unless the person is motivated by a genuine love of humanity |
False |
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According to Mill/Bentham/Utilitarianism/hedonism, pleasure is intrinsically valuable |
True |
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Does the self-interested tradesman's act have moral worth |
No (done from desire) |
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Does the benevolent tradesman's act have moral worth? |
No (done from desire) |
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Does the clinically depressed tradesman's act have moral worth? |
Yes, because it is done from duty, not inclination |
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Retributive justice vs distributive justice |
retributive - the issue of fair punishment distributive- issues surrounding the fair distribution of society's goods |
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Hospers does not use utility as his standard, he uses |
self-ownership |
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The right to property is |
not the right to just take it from others, for this would interfere with their property right. It is rather the right to work for it, to obtain non-coercively, the money or services which you can present in voluntary exchange |
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Libertarian functions of government |
To protect human rights (the rights to life, liberty, and property) |
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3 classifications of laws |
1. laws protecting individuals against themselves (paternalistic) 2. laws protecting individuals agains aggressions of other individuals 3. laws requiring people to help one another (welfare) |