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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why should you never critisize an argument by denying the conclusion?
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truth of arguement comes from premises
to criticize- prosed reasons do not properly connect to conclusion and arguement is ill formed, reasons not worthy of acceptance |
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Why to never accept arugement beacuse of its conclusion
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the arugement may be weak
appear to be a more reasonable, careful thinker veiws are then more worthy of a conclusion |
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2 types of critisims
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insubstanial criticism- all As are Bs (that may not be true) the word "might" doesnt work (arguement stoppers)
Substainable - reasons to think the premises may be incorrect - reason to suspend judgement |
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why accept generalization and counter examples
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generlizations are straightforward and counter examples find one example to make it false
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how to evalute compound sentences (2)
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Conjunction - 2 or more sentences (one is false)
Disjunction - "or" statements |
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Correlations
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compare rate at which 2 or more properties show up in 2 groups
pattern is like statisitical arguemnts |
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Casual Statements (4 in 2 groups)
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Explicitly-use words like "cause"
Implicity-without word "cause" Singular-specific event General-refer to a genral statement |
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3 claims
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factual
moral legal |
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moral arguements
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pattern-
the only available alternatives for S are A1, A2, ... The harms and benefits of A are C1, C2, ... The overall value of C is greater/lower then C2, C3, ... |
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Overall Value Principle (OVP)
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accident or concequence
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Role of testimony
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based on good evidence someone has
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patterns of testimony
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#1
S said P and P is true Usually when someone says something is true, then it is true #2 S said P is true S was sincere when saying P was true (u) #3 S said P is true S was sincere in saying P was true S is knowledgable about the subject matter P (u) |
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Statisitcal Statements
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x% of sample population has the measured property (reults)
if x% of the (SP) has the (MP), then x% of the (SP) has the target property (accuracy premise) x% of the (SP) has the (TP) is x% of the (SP) has the (TP), then x% of the target population has the (TP) (representative premise) x% of the (T POP) has the (TP) |
