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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the % of water in total body mass? What accounts for the variations between the lower and higher ends?
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45-75%. There is a very low % of water in adipose tissues (10%). Fatter = Less water
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The average individual has about ___ % of water.
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60.
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The average newborn infant has about ___% of water.
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75.
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By adolescence, males have about __% of water, and females have about ___%. What accounts for this difference?
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50. 60. At puberty, female sex hormones bring about the deposition of adipose tissue in certain regions.
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Why do older people have less %H2O?
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Muscle mass atrophy, replaced by fat and fibrous tissue.
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Why should we maintain the body water at constant levels in normal conditions?
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Helps maintain normal solute concentration, as well as normal blood volume and blood pressure.
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In average, what is the water intake in :
1. Oral fluid 2. Oral intake as food 3. Oxidative water from metabolism |
1. 1.2L
2. 1.1L 3. 0.4L |
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In average, what is the total water output (obligatory losses)? What are the various ways our body has to lose this water?
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1.5L. Lungs, skin, kidneys and stool.
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What is the difference between obligatory and facultative losses?
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Facultative losses vary with intake.
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List 4 differences between insensible perspiration and sweating.
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1. Insensible perspiration : pure water. Sweating : electrolyte solution.
2. IP : Passive evaporation (affected by ambient temperature and relative humidity). Sweating : Active secretion. 3. IP : Entire skin surface. Sweating : sweat glands 4. IP : Continuous. Sweating : activated by heavy work. |
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What is the water turnover in adults? Babies?
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3-4%. 10%.
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Negative water balances may result from five different situations. List them.
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1. Reduced water intake.
2. Excessive sweating. 3. Excessive loss in urine. 4. Excessive loss in expired air. 5. Renal failure. |
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What are the two major compartments of water? What are their proportions?
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ICF (2/3rd) and ECF (1/3rd).
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