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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the layers of the pharyngeal wall? (4)
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1. Mucosa
2. Pharyngobasilar fascia 3. Muscular wall -Constrictors -Longitudinal muscles 4. Buccopharyngeal fascia |
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Nasal cavity commonicates via?
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Choanae
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Oral cavity communicates via?
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Fauces
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Aditus communicates via?
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Larynx
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What is the SUPERIOR boundary of the pharynx?
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Base of skull
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What is the ANTERIOR boundary of pharynx?
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Open- oral cavity
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What is the INFERIOR boundary of the pharynx?
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Cricoid cartilage (C6)
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What is the POSTERIOR boundary of the pharynx?
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Prevertebral fascia (C1-C6)
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What is the LATERAL boundary of the pharynx? (7)
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1. Medial pterygoid plate
2. Pterygomandibular raphe 3. Mandible 4. Hyoid bone 5. Cricoid & thyroid cartilages 6. Styloid process 7. Carotid sheath |
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What are the ligamentous structures of the pharynx? (4)
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1. Median pharyngeal raphe
2. Ptyergomandibular raphe 3. Stylohyoid ligament 4. Tendinous arch |
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What is the origin of the SUPERIOR pharyngeal constrictor?
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Pterygomandibular raphe
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What is the origin of the MIDDLE pharyngeal constrictor?
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Stylohyoid ligament
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What is the origin of the INFERIOR pharyngeal constrictor?
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Tendinous arche
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What is the INSERTION of ALL 3 pharyngeal constrictors?
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Median pharyngeal raphe
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What is the action of the pharyngeal constrictors?
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Elevate pharynx in sequence
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What is the innervation of the pharyngeal constrictors?
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Vagus (X) via pharyngeal plexus
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What are the 3 longitudinal muscles of the pharynx?
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1. Stylopharyngeus
2. Palatopharyngeus 3. Salpingopharyngeus |
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The LONGITUDINAL muscles of the pharynx are innervated by _____, EXCEPT the STYLOPHARYNGEUS which is innervated by?
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Cranial of Acessory (XI) via X
1. Palatopharyngeus 2. Salpingopharyngeus Glossopharyngeal (IX) 3. Stylopharyngeus |
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What structures are at risk during tonsillectomy? (2)
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1. Fascial artery via tonsilar branch
2. Glossopharyngeal IX |
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What is at risk if there is infection present in the nasopharynx?
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Can spread through auditory tube to middle ear
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What structure can be compromised due to things being lodged in piriform recess?
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Fold over internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve
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What is the main blood supply to the tonsilar area?
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Tonsillar branch of facial artery
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Waldeyer's (Tonsillar) Ring consists of?
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1. Lingual tonsil
2. Pharyngeal tonsil 3. Palatine tonisl |
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What is the blood supply to the pharynx? (6)
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1. Ascending pharyngeal artery
2. Facial artery 3. Lingual artery 4. Superior thyroid artery 5. Inferior thyroid artery 6. Lesser palatine artery |
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What nerves supply motor innervation to pharynx? (3)
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1. V-3 (tensor veli palatini)
2. Glossopharyngeal IX (stylopharyngeus) 3. Acessory XI via vagus X (all muscles of soft palate & pharynx except those above) |
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What nerves supply sensory innervation to pharynx? (3)
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1. V-2 --> mucosa of nasopharyx & soft palate
2. Glossopharyngeal IX 3. Vagus X --> laryngeal outlet |
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Piriform recess is found where?
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Laryngopharynx
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What is found in the 1st pharyngeal gap? (3)
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1. Levator veli palatini
2. Auditory tube 3. Ascending palatine artery |
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What are the boundaries of the 1st gap of the pharynx?
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Base of skull --> Superior constrictor
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What is found in the 2nd gap of the pharynx? (2)
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1. Glossopharyngeal IX
2. Stylopharyngeus |
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What are the boundaries of the 2nd gap of the pharynx?
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Superior constrictor --> Middle constrictor
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What is found in the 3rd gap of the pharyx? (2)
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1. Internal laryngeal nerve
2. Superior laryngeal artery |
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What are the boundaries of the 3rd pharyngeal gap?
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Middle constrictor --> Inferior constrictor
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What is found in the 4th gap of the pharynx? (2)
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1. Inferior laryngeal artery
2. Recurrent laryngeal nerve |
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The 4th gap of pharynx is located where?
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Below inferior constrictor
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What is found deep to the arteries in the pharynx?
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Superior laryngeal nerve
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What is found between the arteries in the pharynx? (3)
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1. Glossopharyngeal nerve IX
2. Stylopharyngeus 3. Pharyngeal plexus of vagus X |
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What is found superfiical to the arteries in the pharynx?
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Hypoglossal nerve XII
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