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38 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What are the layers of the pharyngeal wall? (4)
1. Mucosa
2. Pharyngobasilar fascia
3. Muscular wall
-Constrictors
-Longitudinal muscles
4. Buccopharyngeal fascia
Nasal cavity commonicates via?
Choanae
Oral cavity communicates via?
Fauces
Aditus communicates via?
Larynx
What is the SUPERIOR boundary of the pharynx?
Base of skull
What is the ANTERIOR boundary of pharynx?
Open- oral cavity
What is the INFERIOR boundary of the pharynx?
Cricoid cartilage (C6)
What is the POSTERIOR boundary of the pharynx?
Prevertebral fascia (C1-C6)
What is the LATERAL boundary of the pharynx? (7)
1. Medial pterygoid plate
2. Pterygomandibular raphe
3. Mandible
4. Hyoid bone
5. Cricoid & thyroid cartilages
6. Styloid process
7. Carotid sheath
What are the ligamentous structures of the pharynx? (4)
1. Median pharyngeal raphe
2. Ptyergomandibular raphe
3. Stylohyoid ligament
4. Tendinous arch
What is the origin of the SUPERIOR pharyngeal constrictor?
Pterygomandibular raphe
What is the origin of the MIDDLE pharyngeal constrictor?
Stylohyoid ligament
What is the origin of the INFERIOR pharyngeal constrictor?
Tendinous arche
What is the INSERTION of ALL 3 pharyngeal constrictors?
Median pharyngeal raphe
What is the action of the pharyngeal constrictors?
Elevate pharynx in sequence
What is the innervation of the pharyngeal constrictors?
Vagus (X) via pharyngeal plexus
What are the 3 longitudinal muscles of the pharynx?
1. Stylopharyngeus
2. Palatopharyngeus
3. Salpingopharyngeus
The LONGITUDINAL muscles of the pharynx are innervated by _____, EXCEPT the STYLOPHARYNGEUS which is innervated by?
Cranial of Acessory (XI) via X
1. Palatopharyngeus
2. Salpingopharyngeus

Glossopharyngeal (IX)
3. Stylopharyngeus
What structures are at risk during tonsillectomy? (2)
1. Fascial artery via tonsilar branch
2. Glossopharyngeal IX
What is at risk if there is infection present in the nasopharynx?
Can spread through auditory tube to middle ear
What structure can be compromised due to things being lodged in piriform recess?
Fold over internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve
What is the main blood supply to the tonsilar area?
Tonsillar branch of facial artery
Waldeyer's (Tonsillar) Ring consists of?
1. Lingual tonsil
2. Pharyngeal tonsil
3. Palatine tonisl
What is the blood supply to the pharynx? (6)
1. Ascending pharyngeal artery
2. Facial artery
3. Lingual artery
4. Superior thyroid artery
5. Inferior thyroid artery
6. Lesser palatine artery
What nerves supply motor innervation to pharynx? (3)
1. V-3 (tensor veli palatini)
2. Glossopharyngeal IX (stylopharyngeus)
3. Acessory XI via vagus X
(all muscles of soft palate & pharynx except those above)
What nerves supply sensory innervation to pharynx? (3)
1. V-2 --> mucosa of nasopharyx & soft palate
2. Glossopharyngeal IX
3. Vagus X --> laryngeal outlet
Piriform recess is found where?
Laryngopharynx
What is found in the 1st pharyngeal gap? (3)
1. Levator veli palatini
2. Auditory tube
3. Ascending palatine artery
What are the boundaries of the 1st gap of the pharynx?
Base of skull --> Superior constrictor
What is found in the 2nd gap of the pharynx? (2)
1. Glossopharyngeal IX
2. Stylopharyngeus
What are the boundaries of the 2nd gap of the pharynx?
Superior constrictor --> Middle constrictor
What is found in the 3rd gap of the pharyx? (2)
1. Internal laryngeal nerve
2. Superior laryngeal artery
What are the boundaries of the 3rd pharyngeal gap?
Middle constrictor --> Inferior constrictor
What is found in the 4th gap of the pharynx? (2)
1. Inferior laryngeal artery
2. Recurrent laryngeal nerve
The 4th gap of pharynx is located where?
Below inferior constrictor
What is found deep to the arteries in the pharynx?
Superior laryngeal nerve
What is found between the arteries in the pharynx? (3)
1. Glossopharyngeal nerve IX
2. Stylopharyngeus
3. Pharyngeal plexus of vagus X
What is found superfiical to the arteries in the pharynx?
Hypoglossal nerve XII