Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Pharyngitis - causative
|
Strep Pyogenes (+)
|
|
|
Diptheria -causative bug
|
Corynebacterium diptheriae (+)
|
|
|
Pertussis -causative bug
|
Bordetella pertussis (-)
|
|
|
Strep pyogenes
|
Strep throat
Group A strep Catalase -ve Gram +ve Beta hemolytic |
|
|
Strep Throat Epidemiology
|
Most common bacterial infx in children
peaks 5 -15 years |
|
|
How strep spread?
|
person-to-person
Resp secretions Contact |
|
|
Strep throat seaonality?
|
Winter to early spring more prevalent
|
|
|
Streptococcal virulence factors
Capsule M protein LTA Enzymes? Toxins |
Capsule - hyaluronic acid
M protein - adhesion; antigenic variability; sequelae LTA - adhesion Enzymes : -Streptokinase -C5a peptidase (inactivatese complement) -Streptodornases - (degrade DNA to spread infx) Toxins: -Pyrogenic exotoxin -Streptolysin O & S |
|
|
Pharyngitis: pathogensis and disease
|
adhere to pharynx: generate inflammatory response
Fever sore throat, dysphagia, grayish white tonsillar exudate and enlarged cervical lymph nodes Self-limiting, but sequelae are possible |
|
|
Pharyngitis sequelae?
|
Rheumatic fever (3%, heart valve damage from autoimmune)
Acute glomerulonephritis (Fluid retention and hypertension, self limited kidney destruction) |
|
|
Strep throat dx and treatment
|
Detection group A antigens (rapid kit)
Culture on blood agar (Beta, +, bacitracin sensitive) DOC penicillin, alt erythromycin -prevent rheumatic fever |
|
|
Diptheria - Corynebacterium diptheriae
|
gram +ve, pleomorphic bacilli
exotoxin |
|
|
Diptheria epidemiology
|
Worldwide
vaccine immunity is low respiratory droplets and skin contact spread Reportable disease |
|
|
Diptheria virulence factor
|
A-B exotoxin
inactivates EF-2 (elongation factor protein synth) -> cell death |
|
|
Diptheria diease
|
Cutaneous diptheria
Respiratory diptheria |
|
|
Diptheria Dx
|
isolation in culture
no hemolysis cysteine - tellurite agar produces black colonies Then test for toxin production |
|
|
Diptheria treatment
|
neutralize exotoxin by admin of diptheria antitoxin
Ab therapy DOC: penicillin or erythromycin Admin diptheria toxoid vaccine after recovery |
|
|
Pertussis = Whooping cough
|
Caused by bortadella pertussis
gram -ve, capsule Grows on enriched agar aerobically |
|
|
Bortadella viruelence factors
|
exotoxin, adhesins
|
|
|
Bortadella target organisms
|
Strictly humans
|
|
|
Catarrhal stage
|
Nonspecific symptoms of pertussis
-congestion -runny nose -sore throat -low grade fever -non productive cough HIGHLY contagious |
|
|
2. Paroxysmal stage
|
-attacks and spasms
violent coughing sound (whooping) vomiting mucus clearance impeded by extruded epithelial cells lasts 2-4 weeks |
|
|
3. convalescent stage
|
recovery portion of pertussis
|
|
|
Pertussis Dx
|
serology (presumptive), pcr, culture
Enriched Bordet-gengou media |
|
|
Pertussis treatment
|
macrolide abx
eryhtromycin for > or = to 1 month azithromycin for person < 1 mo old |
|
|
Immunize with?
|
TDap
DTap both contain inactivated pertussis and 1+ bacterial adhesin or other bacterial components |
