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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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cisplatin (Platinol)
Platinum compounds Mechanism of Action Contraindications |
MOA: kills cells by forming cross links between and within strands if DNA (inhibits DNA synthesis)
Contraindication: pregnancy and lactation |
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cisplatin (Platinol)
Platinum compounds Adverse Effects Teaching/Monitoring |
AE: HIGHLY emetogenic (projectile vomiting) within 1 hr of treatment, **peripheral neuropathy, blurred vision, ototoxicity (ear problems), kidney damage, bone marrow suppression
T/M: drink plenty of fluids to prevent kidney damage and dehydration from N/V, |
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doxorubicin (Adriamycin)
Antitumor antibiotics/anthracyclines Mechanism of Action Contraindications/Precautions |
MOA: Inhibits DNA and RNA synthesis by forming a complex with DNA, cell-cycle S-phase specific. Also has immunosuppressive properties. These antibiotics are only used for cancer treatments
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, pregnancy, lactation Precautions: Hx of cardiac disease, liver impairment |
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doxorubicin (Adriamycin)
Antitumor antibiotics/anthracyclines Adverse Effects Teaching/Monitoring |
AE: **Cardiotoxicity, **possible heart failure (may be acute or can develop months or years after dosing), red urine or sweat, hair thinning, fatigue, sores in mouth, hand/foot syndrome (redness, irritation, soreness, peeling), N/V/D
T/M: Monitor VS (cardiotoxicity), monitor I & Os, Assess IV site for phlebitis (highly vesicant), wear gloves while handling drug or body fluids, |
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vincristine (Oncovin)
Mitotic inhibitors/vinca alkaloids Mechanism of Action Contraindications |
MOA: Prevents cell division (cell cycle -specific for M phase). Little or no effect on bone marrow (bone marrow sparing)
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, pregnancy, lactation. use cautiously in hepatic impairment and infection |
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vincristine (Oncovin)
Mitotic inhibitors/vinca alkaloids Adverse Effects Teaching/Monitoring |
AE: Toxic to peripheral nerves, N/V, constipation, phlebitis, alopecia, urinary retention, fatigue, anorexia, muscle and joint aches
T/M: **Highly vesicant so must be administered IV (slowly and diluted), drink water to reduce uric acid, coping with hair loss, no vaccines, |
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paclitaxel (Taxol)
Mitotic inhibitors/taxanes Mechanism of Action Contraindications |
MOA: Prevents cell division (late G2 and M phases)
First-line therapy for ovarian cancer Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to castor oil, alcohol intolerance, OB, lactation |
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paclitaxel (Taxol)
Mitotic inhibitors/taxanes Adverse Effects Teaching/Monitoring |
AE: ECG changes, edema, hypotension diarrhea, increase in liver enzymes, mucositis, N/N, alopecia, anemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, peripheral neuropathy, Anaphylaxis
T/M: Expect fatigue, weakness, N/V, loss of appetite, muscle/joint aches. Monitor VS, cardiac status, bone marrow depression, peripheral neuropothy, I & Os |
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**tamoxifen (Nolvadex)
Hormonal agents/anti-estrogen Mechanism of Action Contraindications |
MOA: Blocks estrogen receptors depriving tumor cells of growth promoting influence of estrogen. **This is used for long term prevention of breast cancer
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, OB, lactation, warfarin therapy, recurrence increases with use of CYP2D6 inhibitors (SSRIs) |
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tamoxifen (Nolvadex)
Hormonal agents/anti-estrogen Adverse Effects Teaching/Monitoring |
AE: hot flashes, fluid retention, vaginal discharge, N/V, menstrual irregularities, vision problems. Endometrial Cancer, Stroke, Thromboembolism
T/M: report bone pain, monitor weight weekly, report signs of DVTs |
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trastuzumab (Herceptin)
Biologicals/Monoclonal antibodies Mechanism of Action Contraindications |
MOA: blocks HER2 receptors by binding to receptors as a monoclonal antibody; inhibits cell proliferation and promotes antibody-dependent cell death.
Contraindications: No known contraindications. Use cautiously in patients with pre-existing pulmonary conditions and extreme caution with those with cardiac dysfunction. |
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trastuzumab (Herceptin)
Biologicals/Monoclonal antibodies Adverse Effects Teaching/Monitoring |
AE: Common SE is fever and chills with first dose. Principal concern is cardiotoxicity, hypersensitivity, pulmonary events, and infusion reactions.
T/M: Loading dose can produce flu-like symptoms, monitor for infusion related symptoms, heart failure, and pulmonary distress. Notify HCP for SOB, cough, edema in legs/face, rapid weight gain/loss and avoid people with infections |
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rituximab (Rituxan)
Biologicals/Monoclonal antibodies Mechanism of Action Contraindications |
MOA: monoclonal antibody, targets CD-20 molecule on the surface of cell membrane of B-lymphocytes in the immune system.
Contraindications: caution in patients with pre-existing bone marrow suppression, hep B, HIV. |
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rituximab (Rituxan)
Biologicals/Monoclonal antibodies Adverse Effects Teaching/Monitoring |
AE: Infusion rxs, hypotension, bronchospasm, airway swelling. flu-like symptoms--fever, chills, N/V. Tumor lysis syndrome, mucocutaneous rx, HepB reactivation, and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
T/M: VS, listen to lungs, assess for adverse rxs, have airway equipment ready before therapy. |
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imatinib (Gleevec)
Kinase inhibitors Mechanism of Action Contraindications |
MOA: inhibits tyrosine which may be produced by malignant cell lines, promotes apoptosis
Used for leukemia & other cancers of the blood, gastrointestinal & skin tumors Contraindications: OB/lactation, hepatic impairment, cardiac disease, under 3 yo |
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imatinib (Gleevec)
Kinase inhibitors Adverse Effects Teaching/Monitoring |
AE: **SOB, **weight gain, C/D/N/V, dyspnea, hepatotoxicity, rash, headache, bleeding, neutropenia, tumor lysis syndrome
T/M: take with large glass of water, take with a meal not on empty stomach, daily weights, monitor CBC and liver function |
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**Allopurinol
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Used to address the potential hyperuricemia in the kidneys that may go along with chemo
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**Predinisone
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Used to address the inflammatory process that may go along with chemo
Especially in kids |
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These can cause severe hypersensitivity or hyper infusion reactions, including hypotension and angioadema
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ritiximab = hypotension, angioadema, bronchospasms. T/x = slow or withdrawal treatment
Paclitaxel = hypotension, dyspnea, angioedema t/x = pretreatment with glucocorticoid |
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this drug causes fluid retention in more than 50% of patients which may lead to pleural effusion, pericardial effusion and pulmonary edema.
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Imatinib
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These two drugs are vesicants
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Doxorubicin
Vincristine |
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These two drugs major dose-limiting toxicity is peripheral neuropathy
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cisplatin
vincristine |
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This drug may cause hepatotoxicity
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Imitinab
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