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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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additive drug effect |
the effects of 2 or more drugs are combined |
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admixture |
a mixture of IV fluids containing electrolytes or drugs that have been mixed with a larger volume of solution |
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anhydrous agent |
agent with does not contain water |
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afebrile |
patient does not have a fever |
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antagonistic drug effect |
2 or more drugs are given together and cause the opposite effects |
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antibacterial agent |
a drug that kills or inhibits the growth of bacteria |
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aseptic preparation |
techniques used to prevent microorganisms from contaminating drugs, packaging, equipment or supplies |
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bactericidal agent |
agent which is able to kill bacteria |
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bacteriostatic agent |
agent that stops or inhibits the growth of bacteria, but does not kill bacteria outright |
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bolus |
one time dose of medication, usually an injection that is given rapidly |
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dilutent |
fluid (ex sterile water, normal saline) used to dissolve drugs in solid or powdered form |
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disinfectant |
agent which kills or inhibits microorganisms on inanimate objects |
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embolism |
a blood clot in a vessel which may become lodge and cause blockage of flow through the vessel |
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enteral |
any route within the gastrointestinal tract (ex. oral, rectal) |
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hypertonic |
any solution that has a concentration more than 0.9% Normal Saline or 5% Dextrose, a solution with an osmotic pressure greater than human blood serum |
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hypotonic |
any solution that has a concentration less then 0.9% Normal Saline or 5% Dextrose, a solution with an osmotic pressure less then human blood serum |
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infusion |
administration of a drug for therapeutic purposes given through the vascular system |
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intermittent infusion |
small amounts of fluid given intravenously over short periods of time at specific intervals |
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intercardiac |
into the heart |
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intradermal |
into the layers of the skin, no more than 0.1 ml should be given by this route |
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intramuscular |
into a muscle, no more than 2.5 ml should be given by this route |
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intrathecal |
into the intrathecal cavity of the spine, only preservative free drugs can be given by this route |
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intravenous |
into a vein, large amounts of fluids may be given by this route |
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isotonic |
any solution that has a concentration equal to the osmotic pressure of human blood serumq |
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occlusion |
blockage of a blood vessel |
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parenteral |
a sterile, injectable medication, also refers to any route give outside of the gastrointestinal system (ex. intramuscular, intravenous) |
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particulate matter |
undissolved substances present in injectable products (ex, glass, rubber, crystals, metal) |
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phlebitis |
inflammation of the veins at the site where the IV catheter is inserted into the vein |
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piggyback |
a second IV solution which is given to a patient through an existing, running IV. |
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pyrogen |
any substance that can produce a fever |
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sepsis |
infection of the blood |
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solute |
the dissolved substance in a solution |
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solvent |
a substance used to dissolve another substance (solute) |
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sterilization |
the destruction by heat or other means of all microorganisms |
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subcutaneous |
beneath the skin, no more than 1 ml should be given by this route |
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synergistic drug effect |
the effect of 2 or more drugs given together is greater than the effect of each drug given individually |
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teratogenic effect |
defects caused to a fetus as a result of giving certain drugs to the mother |
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total parenteral nutrition (TPN) |
solution given intravenously which provides the patient with all of their nutritional needs, the solution is a combination of fats, proteins, carbohydrates, electrolytes, vitamins and even insulin, no 2 TPN orders will be the same, each order is unique to each individual patient, therefore great care must be taken when preparing TPNs |
