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390 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The movement of the drug from the dosage formulation to the blood.
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absorption
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Services that summarize information from various primary sources for quick reference
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abstracting services
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The movement of drug molecules across membranes by active means, rather than passive diffusion.
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active transport
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A sudden condition requiring immediate treatment.
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acute condition
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A virus-caused systemic infection that causes inflammation of the liver
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acute viral hepatitis
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A drug that is added to a parenteral solution
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additive
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The increase in effect when two drugs with similar pharmacological actions are taken
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additive effects
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A drug added to a prescription to enhance the action of the primary drug ingredient
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adjuvant
(aj-uh-vuhnt) |
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The resulting solution when a drug is added to a parenteral solution
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admixture
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An unintended side effect of a medication that is negative or in some way injurious to a patient's health
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adverse effect
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Drugs that activate receptors to accelerate or slow normal cell function
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agonist
(ag-uh-nist) |
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A drug with agonist activity at some receptors but antagonist activity at others
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agonist-antagonist
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The organs from the mouth to the anus. The GI tract is a portion of this system.
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alimentary tract
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A portion of a mixture
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aliquot
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The small sacs of specialized tissue that transfer oxygen out of the inspired air into the blood and carbon dioxide out of the blood into the air for expiration
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alveilar sacs (alveoli)
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A part of the lungs where gases are exchanged between blood and the air.
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alveoli
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Sealed glass containers with an elongated neck that must be snapped off.
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ampules
(am-pyool) |
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A potentially fatal hypersensitivity reaction producing severe respiratory distress and cardiovascular collapse (arrest).
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anaphylactic shock
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Without water molecules
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anhydrous
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Male sex hormones
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androgens
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A deficiency of red blood cells in blood
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anemia
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Drugs that bind with receptors but do not activate them. They block receptor action by preventing other drugs or substances from activating them.
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antagonist
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A substance which harms or kills microorganisns like bacteria and fungi.
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antibiotic
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A common home infusion service used for treating AIDS-related and other infections
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antibiotic therapy
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Compunding in advance of expected need
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anticipatory compunding
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A drug that antagonizes the toxic effect of another drug.
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antidote
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Drugs that lower cholesterol and triglyceride levels
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antihyperlipidemics
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A substance that acts against a toxin in the body; also, a vaccine containing antitoxins, used to fight disease.
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antitoxin
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A drug that acts against a cough.
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antitussive
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Water based.
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aqueous
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The knob on a balance that prevents any movement of the balance pans.
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arrest knob
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Methods that maintain the sterile condition of products
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aseptic techniques
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A system in which medications are dispensed from an automated unit at the point of use upon confirmation of an order communicated by computer from a central system.
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automated dispensing system
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Automated machines that fill and label pull bottles with correct quantities of ordered drugs
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automated filling machines
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Labels regarding specific warnings, foods, or medications to avoid, potential side effects, and so on.
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auxiliary labels
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Kills bacteria
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bactericidal
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Retards bacteria growth
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bacteriostatic
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An angled surface at the tip of a needle
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bevel
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a date assigned to a compounded prescription telling the patient when the formulation should no longer be taken
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beyond-use date
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The relative amount of an administered dose that reaches the general circulation and the rate at which this occurs
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bioavailability
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Not irritating-, infection-, or abscess-causing to body tissue.
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bicompatibility
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The comparison of bioavailability between two dosage forms.
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bioequivalence
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The study of the factors associated with drug products and physiological proceses, and the resulting systemic concentrations of the drugs
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biopharmaceutics
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Another term for an antagonist drug, because antagonists block the action of neurotransmitters
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blocker
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A measure used for dosage that is calculated from the height and weight of a person and measured in square meters
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body surface area
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A medication that decongests the bronchial tubes
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bronchodilators
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A narrowing of the bronchi, accompanied by wheezing and coughing, i.e., an "asthma attack"
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bronchospasm
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Inside the cheek
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buccal
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Ingredients in a formulation designed to control the pH
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buffer system
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Drugs that lower blood pressure by relaxing blood vessels
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calcium channel blockers
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To set, mark, or check the graduations of a measuring device
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calibrate
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The ability of a substance to cause cancer
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carcinogencity
(car·ci·no·ge·nic·i·ty) |
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A type of ion
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cation
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A system in which all pharmacy activities in the hospital are conducted at one location, the inpatient pharmacy
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centralized pharmacy system
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A continuing condition that requires ongoing treatment for a prolonged period.
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chronic condition
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A chronic and potentially fatal liver disease causing loss of function and increased resistance to blood flow through the liver
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cirrosis
(si-roh-sis) |
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Areas designed for the preparation of sterile products
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clean rooms
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A limited list of approved medications
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closed formulary
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An agreement for cost-sharing between the insurer and the insured
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co-insurance
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The portion of the price of medication that the patient is required to pay
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co-pay
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A locked cart of medications designed for emergency use only
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code carts
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Particles up to a hundred times smaller than those in suspensions that are, however, likewise suspended in a solution
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colloids
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Federal law that sets daily and monthly limits on OTC sale of pseudoephedrine and ephedrine
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CMEA - Combat Methamphetamine Epidemic Act
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When molecules of different chemicals attach to each other, as in protein binding
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complexation
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Doing what is required
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compliance
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A record of what actually happened when the formulation was compounded
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compounding record
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A method of making suppositories in which the ingredients are compressed in a mold
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compression molding
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The strength of a solution as measured by the weight-to-volume or volume-to-volume of the substance being measured
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concentration
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The requirement of health care providers to keep all patient information private among the patient, the patient's insurer, and the providers directly involved in the patient's care
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confidentiality
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The eyelid lining
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conjunctiva
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Develops and maintains an individual pharmautical plan for each long-term care patient
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consultant pharmacist
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Device or formulation designed to prevent pregnancy
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contraceptive
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The mark (CII_CV) which indicates the control category of a drug with a potential for abuse
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controlled substance mark
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The change of one unit of measure into another so that both amounts are equal
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conversions
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When a needle damages the rubber closure of a parenteral container causing fragments of the closure to fall into the container and contaminate its contents
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coring
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A tray designed for counting pills
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counting tray
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A collection of information structured so that specific information within it can easily be retrieved and used
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database
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Mechanism by which a prescriber may indicate that the brand product, not the equivalent generic, must be dispensed
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DAW
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Required on all controlled drug prescriptions; identifies the prescriber
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DEA number
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A system in which pharmacy activities occur in multiple locations within a hospital
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decentralized pharmacy system
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A set amount that must be paid by the patient for each benefit period before the insurer will cover additional expenses
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deductible
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The change of a drug to a less effective or ineffective form
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degradation
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The bottom of right number in a fraction which is divided into the numerator to give the fraction's value
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denominator
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The area in the muscle where a formulation is injected during an intramuscular injection
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depot
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A filter that can filter solutions being drawn into or expelled from a syringe, but not both ways at the same time
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depth filter
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A dried animal thyroid
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desiccated thyroid
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Movement of particles in a solution through permeable membranes
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dialysis
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A solvent that dilutes a freeze-dried substance or dilutes a solution
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diluent
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The breaking apart of a tablet into smaller pieces
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disintegration
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A drug bound to a plasma protein is removed when another drug of greater binding potential binds to the same protein
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displacement
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A term sometimes used to refer to all of the ADME processes
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disposition
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When smaller pieces of a disintegrated tablet dissolve in solution
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dissolution
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Makes sure long-term care patients receive the correct medications order
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distributive pharmacist
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Drugs that increase the elimination of salts and water through urination
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diuretics
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When elements of ingested nutrients interact with a drug and this affects the disposition of the drug
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drug-diet interactions
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A digital subscriber line that provides digital sata transmission over the wires of a local phone network
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DSL - Digital Subscriber Line
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Co-pays that have two prices; one for generic and one of brand medications
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dual co-pay
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Status of medications lke Plan B that are classified as both prescription and OTC drugs
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dual marketing
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A small elevator that carries objects (but not people) between floors of a building
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dumbwaiter
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The time drug concentration is above the minimum effective concentration (MEC)
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MEC - Minimum Effective of Concentration
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Swelling from abnormal retention of fluid
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edema
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The process of metabolism and excretion
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elimination
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To quickly obtain a medication not currently in stock in the pharmacy in situations where the drug is urgently needed
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emergency drug procurement
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A stablizing agent in emulsions
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emulsifier
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Mixture of two liquids that do not dissolve into each other; one liquid is spread through the other by mixing and using an emulsifier for stablility
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emulsions
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Produced from within the body or within a cell
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endogenous
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A route of administration to any organ in the alimentary tract (ie., from the mouth to the anus)
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enteral
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The transfer of drugs and their metabolites from the liver to the bile in the gall bladder and then into the intestine, and then back into circulation
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enterohepatic cycling
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A complex protein that catalyzes chemical reactions into other substances
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enzyme
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The increase in enzyme activity that results in greater metabolism of drugs
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enzyme induction
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The decrease in enzyme activity that results in reduced metabolism of drugs
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enzyme inhibition
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A drug's molecular weight divided by its valence, a common measure of electrolyte concentration
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equivalent weight
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Combining an organic acid with an alcohol to form an ester
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esterification
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Medications with habit-forming ingredients that can be dispensed by a pharmacist without a prescription to persons at least 18 years of age
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exempt narcotics
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The on-demand preparation of a drug product according to a physician's prescription, formula, or recipe
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extemporaneous compounding
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A filter that filters solution immediately before it enters a patient's vein
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final filter
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Protective coverings for fingers
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finger cots
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The substantial degradation of a drug caused by enzyme metabolism in the liver before the drug reaches the sytematic circulation
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first pass metabolism
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An expansion or outward movement by muscles
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flexor movement
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Electrolytes used in the preparation of suspensions
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flocculating agent
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Stock (such as large volume parenteral) that does not require patient specific labeling
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floor stock
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The rate (in ml/hr or ml/minute) at which solution is administered to the patient
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flow rate
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A list of drugs stocked at the hospital which have been selected based on therapeutic factors as well as costs
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formulary
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Formulas and procedures (ie., recipes) for waht should happen when a formulation is compoounded
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formulation record
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A suppository preparation method in which the active ingredients are dispersed in a melted suppository base
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fusion molding
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The time a drug will stay in the stomach before it is emptied into the small intestine
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gastric emptying time
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A measurement with needles: the higher the gauge, the smaller the lumen
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gauge
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A technique for mixing two powders of unequal quantity
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geometric dilution
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The blood filtering process of the kidneys
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glomerular filtration
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Sex gland stimulants
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gonadotropins
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A method for identifying microorganisms based on staining characteristics
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gram stain
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The standard form used by health care providers, such as physicians, to bill for services; it can also be used to bill for disease state management services
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HCFA 1500 Form
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A federal act created to protect the privacy of individuals, patient health records, and the sharing of protected health information
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HIPAA - Health Insurance Portability and Accessibility Act of 1996
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Painful swollen veins in the anal/rectal area, generally caused by strained bowel movements from hard stools
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hemmorrhoid
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A high efficiency particulate air filter
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HEPA filter
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An injection device which uses heparin to keep blood from clotting in the device
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heparin lock
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Liver disease
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hepatic disease
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A prefix meaning "of the liver"
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hepato
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A network of providers for which costs are covered inside but not outside of the network
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HMOs
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Home nursing care business that provide a range of health care services, including infusion
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home care agencies
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The state of equilibrium of the body
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homeostasis
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Chemicals produced by the body that regulate body functions and processes
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hormones
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The part of the needle that attaches to the syringe
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hub
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Absorbs water
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hydrates
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Capable of associating with or absorbing water
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hydrophilic
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A stabilizing agent for water-based dispersion mediums
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hydrophilic emulsifier
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Water repelling; cannot associate with water
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hydrophobic
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An abnormal sensitivity generally resulting in an allergic reaction
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hypersensitivity
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A condition in which thyroid hormone secretions are above normal, often referred to as an overactive thyroid
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hyperthyroidism
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When a solution has a greater osmolarity than that of blood
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hypertonic
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An abnoral concentration of uric acid in the blood
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hyperuricemia
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A condition in which thyroid hormone secretions are below normal, often referred to as an underactive thyroid
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hypothyroidism
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When a solution has a lesser osmolarity than that of blood
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hypotonic
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Low oxygen levels in the blood, which can be caused by asthma
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hypoxemia
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An unexpected reaction the first time a drug is taken, generally due to genetic causes
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idiosyncrasy
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Cannot be mixed
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immiscible
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A drug causes more metabolic enzymes to be produced, thus increasing the metabolic activity
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induction
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The gradual intravenous injection of a volume of fluid into a patient
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inhibition
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The first physician known by name was
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The Egyptian Imhotep, born in 3,000 B.C.
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Hippocrates approach to medicine was based on
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careful observation
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The ancient Greek goddess of Medicinal Herbs was
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Panacea
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Derived from the bark of the Peruvian tree, quinine populary called "Jesuit's powder", used along with preventive measures, helps keep this disease under control.
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Malaria
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Aspirin is made from salicylic acid from the back of the _______ tree
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willow
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________ was the first effective local anesthetic
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Cocaine
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Around 3,000 B.C. _________ established, by trial and error, about 365 herbs that could be used as health treatments
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the Chinese Emperor Shen Nung
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An authoritative listing of drugs and issues related to their use is a(an)
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pharmacopeia
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_____ showed that heat can be used to kill microogranism associated with food spoilage
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Louis Pasteur
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_________ discovered penicillin could kill some bacteria
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Alexander Fleming
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______________are substances produced by the body to regulate body functions and processes
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Hormones
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____________ identified the structure of DNA
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James Watson and Francis Crick
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The pharmaceutical manufacturing industry devotes about ________of its income to research and development
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one-sixth, 1/6
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______ protect(s) against illegal copying of new discoveries
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Patenting
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The FDA is required to
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1. ensure that a drug is safe and effective for its intended use
2. to monitor a drug after it is marketed to ensure it works as intended 3. to monitor a drug for any adverse effects |
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The length of time from the beginning of development of a new drug to FDA approval is often more than ________ years
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ten
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In most cases the individual who dispenses the prescribed medication to the patent is the
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pharmacist
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The Omnibus Budget Reconiliation Act (OBRA) requires that pharmacists provide
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counseling services to Medicaid patients
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To become a pharmacist in the United States
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an individual must graduate from an accredited college of pharmacy, pass a state licensing exam, and perform an internship working under a licensed pharmacist
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The area of greatest employment for pharmacists is
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community pharmacies
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The pharmacy technician may find the greatest employment opportunities in
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the community setting
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In managed care, care is managed by a(an)
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insurer
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Lists of drugs approved for use by managed care organizations are called
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formularies
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Information that is entered and stored into a computer, such as a patient's name, is called
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data
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The study of drugs, their properties,uses, application, and effects
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pharmacology
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Drugs derived from plants to treat illness and other physical conditions
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herbal medicine
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The drug of the foxglove plant which has been widely used in treating heart disease
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digitalis
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The theory that microorganisms cause food spoilage
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germ theory
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Extracted from the bark of a Peruvian tree, quinine is the first useful drug in the treatment of malaria
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quinine
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Made from killed polio virus, the _______ ______ can be injected or taken orally
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polio vaccine
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The hormone that lowers blood sugar in threatment of diabetes
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insulin
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Drugs created by reformulatingsimplex chemicals nito more complex ones, creating a new chemical not found in nature
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synthetic drugs
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The gradual intravenous injection of a volume of fluid ino a patient
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infusion
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A court order prevennting a specific action, such as the distribution of a potentially dangerous drug
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injunction
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A drug that increases the force of cardiac contraction
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inotrope
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Pharmacy located in a hospital or inpatient facility which services only those patients in the hospital/facility and ancillary areas
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inpatient pharmacy
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Breathing in
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inspiration
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The body covering, i.e., skin, hair, and nails
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integumentary system
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Skills involving relationships between people
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interpersonal skills
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An intrauterine contraceptive device that is placed in the uterus for a prolonged period of time
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intrauterine device (IUD)
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To make accounting of items on hand; also. with people, to assess characteristics, skills, qualities, etc.
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inventory
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Molecular particles that carry electric charges
|
ions
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A variation of a drug that has the same molecular formula but a different arrangement of the atoms in the molecule
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isomer
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When a solution has an osmolarity equivalent to that of blood
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isotonic
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Important associated information that is not on the label of the drug product, but is provided with the product in the form of an insert, brochure, or other document
|
labeling
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The tear ducts
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lacrimal canalicula
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The gland that produces tears for the eye
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lacrimal gland
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Continuous movement at a uniform rate in one direction
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laminar flow
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Any drug which requires a prescription and either of these "legends" on the label: "Caution: Federal law prohibits dispensing without a prescription," or "Rx only"
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legend drug
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Triturating a powder drug with a solvent in which it is insoluble to reduce its particle size
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levigation
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Legal responsibility for costs or damages arising from misconduct or negligence
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liability
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A fat like substance
|
lipoidal
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A stabilizing agent for oil-based dispersion mediums
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lipophilic emulsifier
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When drug activity is at the site of administration
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local effect
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drug names that have similar appearance, particularly when written
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look-alikes
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The hollow center of a needle
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lumen
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A type of white blood cells that helps the body defend itself against bacteria and diseased cells
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lymphocytes
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Freeze-dried
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lyophilized
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A medication that is required on a continuing basis for the treatment of a chronic condition
|
maintenance medication
|
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The difference between the retailer's sale price and their purchase price
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mark-up
|
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General pharmacology, but also refers to the drugs in use
|
materia medica
|
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OSHA required notices for hazardous substances that provide hazard, handling, clean-u, and first aid information
|
Material Safety Data Sheets
|
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The maximum price per tablet (or other dispensing unit) an insurer or PBM will pay for a given product
|
Maximum allowable cost (MAC)
|
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A federal program, administered by the states, providing health care for the needy
|
Medicaid
|
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A federal program providing health care to perople with certain disabilities over age 65; it includes basic hospital insurance and voluntary medical insurance
|
Medicare
|
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A form used to prescribe medication s for patients in institutional settings
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medication order
|
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A form that tracks the medications administered to a patient
|
medication administration record (MAR)
|
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A filter that attaches to a syringe and filters solution through a membrane as the solution is expelled from the syringe
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membrane filter
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The curved surface of a column of liquid
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meniscus
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The substance resulting from the body's transformation of an administered drug
|
metabolite
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A unit of measure for electolytes in a solution
|
milliequivalent (mEq)
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Another term for an agonist, because agonists imitate or "mimic" the action of the neurotransmitter
|
mimetic
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The blood concentration needed of a drug to produce a response
|
minimum effective concentration (MEC)
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The upper limit of the therapeutic window. Drug concentrations above the MTC increase the risk of undesired effects
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minimum toxic concentration
|
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Capable of being mixed together
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miscible
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Computer hardware that enables a computer to communicate through telephone lines
|
modem
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The sum of the atomic weights of one moelcule
|
molecular weight
|
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A wet, slimy liquid formed as an initial step in the wet gum method
|
mucilage
|
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Drugs that dilate the pupil
|
mydriatics
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Heart attack
|
myocardial infarction
|
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The muscular wall of the uterus
|
myometrium
|
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The cavity behind the nose and above the roof of the mouth that filters air and moves mucous and inhaled contaminants outward and away from the lungs
|
nasal cavity
|
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A device which contains a drug that is vaporized by inhalation
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nasal inhaler
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The cellular lining of the nose
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nasal mucosa
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The number assigned by the manufacturer. The first five digits indicate the manufacturer. The next four indicate the medication, its strength, and dosage form. The last two indicate the package size.
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National Drug Code (NDC)
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A unique, national, ten-digit, health care provider identification number, required for all HIPAA regulated claims submissions effective May 23, 2007
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National Provider Identifier (NPI)
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The death of cells
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necrosis
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Failing to do something that should or must be done
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negligence
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The functional unit of the kidneys
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nephron
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The ability of a substance to harm to kidneys
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nephrotoxicity
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Chemicals released by nerves that interact with receptors to cause an effect
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neurotransmitter
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A system of names specific to a particular field
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nomenclature
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A chart showing relationships between measurements
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nomogram
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Drugs not on the formulary which the physician can order; a physician can order; a physician may have to fill out a form stating why that particular drug is needed
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non-formulary
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The top of left number in a fraction that indicates a portion of the denominator to be used
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numerator
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A federal act that is generally credited for states mandating pharmacist counseling on all new prescriptions
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OBRA '90
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An obstruction of the bile excretion process
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obstructive jaundice
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An emulsion in which oil is dispersed through a water base
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oil-in-water emulsion
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The resolution of prescription coverage through the communication of the pharmacy computer with the third party computer
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online adjudication
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The time MEC is reached and the response occurs
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onset of action
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A system that allows the pharmacy to purchase any medication that is prescribed
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open formulary
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The time MEC is reached and the response occurs
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onset of action
|
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A system that allows the pharmacy to purchase any medication that is prescribed
|
open formulary
|
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The resolution of prescription coverage through the communication of the pharmacy computer with the third party computer
|
online adjudication
|
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The time MEC is reached and the response occurs
|
onset of action
|
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A system that allows the pharmacy to purchase any medication that is prescribed
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open formulary
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Related to the eye
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ophthalmic
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The common name for the FDA's Approved Drugs Products
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Orange Book
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A drop in blood pressure upon standing up
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orthostatic hypertension
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A unit of measure of osmotic pressure expressed in terms of osmoles (Osmol) or milliosmoles (mOsmol) per liter
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osmolarity
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The action in which a drug in a higher concentration solution passes through a permeable membrane to a lower concentration solution
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osmosis
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A characteristic of a solution determined by the number of dissolved particles in it
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osmotic pressure
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Medications that do not require a prescription
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OTC drugs
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A pharmacy attached to a hospital servicing patients who have left the hospital or who are visiting doctors in a hospital outpatient clinic
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outpatient pharmacy
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A cure-all
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panacea
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A route of adminstration to any organ outside of the alimentary tract(e.g. ophthalmic, dermal)
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parenteral
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The movement of drugs from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration
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passive diffusion
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Manufacturer sponsored prescription drug progams for the needy
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patient assistance programs
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A fully functioning computer the size of a paperback book that could store thousands of contacts, appointments, and notes.
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personal digitial assistant (PDA)
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Having to do with the treatment of children
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pediatric
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The absorption of drugs through the skin, often for a systemic effect
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percutaneous absorption
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A system that maintains a continuous record of every item in inventory so that it always shos the stock on hand
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perpetual inventory
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To assess one;s personal characteristics, skills, qualities, etc
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personal inventory
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The pH scale meausres the acidity or the opposite (alkalinity) of a substance, 7 is the neutral midpoint of the scale, values below which represent increasing acidity, and above which represent increasing alkalinity
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pH
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Of or about drugs; also, a drug product
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pharmaceutical
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Drug products that contain the same active ingredients, but not necessarily in the same amount or dosage form
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pharmaceutical alternative
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Drug products that contain identical amounts of the same active ingredients in the same dosage form
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pharmaceutical equivalent
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A new field of study which defines the hereditary basis of individual differences in absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excertion (the ADME processes)
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pharmacogentics
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Derived from the Greek words _pharmkon" or drug and "gnosis" or knowledge; the study of physical ,chemical, biochemical and biological properties of drugs as well as the search for new drugs from natural sources
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pharmacognosy
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The study of drugs - their properties, uses, applicatgion, and effects
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pharmacology
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An authoritative listing of drugs and issues related to their use
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pharmacopeia
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Companies that administer drug benefit programs
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pharmacy benefit managers
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Small volume solutions added to an LVP
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piggybacks
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An inactive sustance given in place of medication
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placebo
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A system which shuttles objects through a tube using compressed air as the force; commonly used in hospitals for delivery of medication
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pneumatic tube
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An inventory system in which the item is deducted from inventory as it is sold or dispensed
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point of sale (POS)
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Documentation of required policies, procedures, and disciplinary actions in a hospital
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policy and procedure manual
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The position of the number carries a mathematical significance or value
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positional notation
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A network of providers were the patient's primary care physician must be a member and costs outside of the network may be partially reimbursed
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POSs
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Medical and pharmaceutical nomenclature is a system made up of these four elements
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1. root words
2. prefixes 3. suffixes 4. combining vowels (C.V.) |
|
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Medical science terminology is based on different ____ ______ in the body
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organ systems
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A modifying component of a term located before the othe components of the term
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prefix
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A written order from a practictioner for the preparation and administration of a medicine or device
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prescription
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Cards that contain third party billing information for prescription drug purchases
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prescription drug benefit cards
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The initial emulsion to which ingredients are added to created the final product
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primary emulsion
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Original reports of clinical and other types of research projects and studies
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primary literature
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An order for medication to be administered only on an as needed basis
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PRN order
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An inactive drug that becomes active after it is transformed by the body
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prodrug
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Important associated information that is not on the label of a drug product itself
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Product labeling
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Offical publications of pharmacy organizations
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professional practice journals
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Individuals who receive extensive and advanced levels of eduction before being allowed to practice, such as physicians and pharmacists
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professionals
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The attachment of a drug molecule to ap;asma or tissue protein, effectively making the frug inactive, but also keeping it within the body
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protein binding
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Specific guidelines for practice
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protocols
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A method for filling capsules by repeatedly pushing or "punching" the capsule into an amount of drug powder
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punch method
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The number assigned to each order for identification
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purchase order number
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Chemicals produced by microorganisms that can cause pyretic (fever) reactions in patients
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pyrogens
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The quantity needed to make a prescribed amount
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qsad
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Medicare patients who may at times qualify for prescription drug coverage through a state administered program
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Qualified Medicare Beneficaries
|
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The action taken to remove a drug from the market and have it returned to the manufacturer
|
recall
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The cellular material at the site of action that interacts with the drug
|
receptor
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Minimum and maximum stock levels which determine when a reorder is placed and for how much
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reorder points
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Absoprtion of bone elements into the blood
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resorption
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A disease in which the body's immune system attachs joint tissue
|
rheumatiod arthritis
|
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The base component of a term which gives a word it meaning and which may be modified byother components
|
root word
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A child-resistant cap
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safety cap
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Pharmacy locations in a decentalized system that operate outside the central pharmacy
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satellites
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A solution containing the maximum amount of drug it can contain at room temperature
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saturated solution
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What individuals may and may not do in their jobs
|
scope of practice
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Software that searches the Web for information related to criteria entered by the user
|
search engine
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General reference works based upon primary literature sources
|
secondary literature
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The characteristic of a drug that makes it action specific to certain receptors and the tissues they affect
|
selective (action)
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The amount of weight that will move the balance pointer one decision mark on the marker plate
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sensitivity
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Needles, jagged flass or metal obhects, or any items that might puncture or cut the skin
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sharps
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Stickers with bar codes that can be scanned for inventory identification
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shle stickers
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Medication that will expire soon after preparation (i.e., within 1-6 hours after preparation)
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short stability
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The direction for use on the prescription that must be printed on the prescription label
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signa
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A book in which patients sign for the prescription they, for legal and insurance purposes
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signature log
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The location where an administered drug produces an effect
|
site of action
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A clear liquid made up of one or more substances dissolved in a solvent
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solution
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A liquid that disolves another substance in it
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solvent
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Exposure to high frequency sound waves
|
sonication
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Mixing powders with a spatyla
|
spatulation
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A device used to measure blood pressure
|
sphygmomanometer
|
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The chemical and physcial integrity of the dosage unit, and when appropriate, its ability to withstand microbiological contamination
|
stability
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A standard medication order for patients to receive medication at scheduled intervals
|
STAT order
|
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A condition of excess fat in the feces
|
steatorrhea
|
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A condition which is free of all microogranishs, noth harmful and harmless
|
steril
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The outermost cell layer of the epidermis
|
stratum corneum
|
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Under the tongue
|
sublingual
|
|
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A modifying component of a term located after the other components of the term
|
suffix
|
|
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A solution containing a larger amount of drug than it normally contains at room temperature
|
supersaturate solution
|
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A thickening agent used in the preparation of suspensions
|
suspending agent
|
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Formulations in which the drug does not completly disolve in the liquid
|
suspensions
|
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When two drugs with similar pharmacological actions produce greater effects than the sum of the individual effects
|
synergism
|
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With chemicals, combining simpler chemicals into more complex compunds, creating a new chemical not found in nature as a result
|
synthetic
|
|
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The ease with which a suspension can be drawn from a container in to a syringe
|
syringeability
|
|
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850 grams of sucrose and 450 ml of water per liter
|
Syrup USP
|
|
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When a drug is introduced into the circulatory system
|
systemic effect
|
|
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Individuals who are given a basic level of training designed to help them perform specific tasks
|
technicians
|
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The ability of a substance to cause abnormal fetal development when given to a pregnant woman
|
teratogenecity
|
|
|
Condensed works based on primary leterature such as textbooks, monographs, etc.
|
tertiary literature
|
|
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Serving to cure or heal
|
therapeutic
|
|
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pharmaceutical equivalent that produce the same effects in patients
|
therapeutic equivalent
|
|
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A drug's blood concentration range between its minimum effective concentration and minimum toxic concentration
|
therapeutic window
|
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Applied for local effect, usually to the skin
|
Topical
|
|
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A TPN solution that contains intravenous fat emulsion
|
total nutrient admixture (TNA) solution
|
|
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Complex solutions with two base solutions (amino acids and dextrose) and additional micronutrients
|
total parenteral ntrition (TPN) solution
|
|
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Journals published commerically for pharmacists but not produced by the profession; they tend to contain large amounts of advertising material
|
trade journals
|
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Counter area designated for taking prescriptions and delivering them
|
transaction window
|
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Drug transfer into the eye
|
transcorneal transport
|
|
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The process of grinding particles to reduce particle size
|
trituration
|
|
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The rate at which inventory is used, generally expressed in number of days
|
turnover
|
|
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An infectious disease which promarily affects the respiratory system
|
tuberculosis
|
|
|
Usual and customary - the maximum amount of payment for a given prescription, determined by the insurer to be a usual and customary (and reasonable) price
|
U & C or UCR
|
|
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A package containing the amount of a drug required for one dose
|
unit-dose packaging
|
|
|
The price of a unit of medication (such as an ounce of liquid cold remedy)
|
unit price
|
|
|
A standard claim form accepted by many insurers
|
universal claim form
|
|
|
A Web address
|
URL (uniform resource locator)
|
|
|
The number of positive or negative charges on an ion
|
valence
|
|
|
A constriction of the blood vessels
|
vascoconstriction
|
|
|
Drugs that relax and expand the blood vessels
|
vasodilators
|
|
|
An unknown value in a mathematical equation
|
variable
|
|
|
Irregular heart action seen in cardiac arrest patients
|
ventricular fibrillation
|
|
|
A small glass or plastic container with a rubber closure sealing the contents in the container
|
vial
|
|
|
The thickness of a liquid
|
viscosity
(vi-skos-i-tee) |
|
|
Meaures volume
|
volumetric
|
|
|
The property of a substance being able to dissolve in water
|
water soluble
|
|
|
An emulsion in which water is dispersed through an oil base
|
water-in-oil emulsions
|
|
|
Water molecules that attach to drug molecules
|
waters of hydration
|
|
|
A raised blister-like area on the skin, as caused by an intrdermal injection
|
wheal
|
|
|
An employer compensation program for employees accidentally injured on the job
|
workers' compensation
|
|
|
A collection of electronic documents at Internet addresses call Web sites.
|
World Wide Web
|
