Pharmacy Signs And Symptoms Of Disease States

Front 1

Angina

Back 1

Chest pain is experienced because of an imbalance between oxygen supply and demand.

Front 2

Anxiety

Back 2

A state of uneasiness characterized by apprehension and worrying about possible events.

Front 3

Asthma

Back 3

Characterized by reversible small airway obstruction, progressive airway inflammation. Symptoms include wheezing, dyspnea, and coughing.

Front 4

Bacterial Infections

Back 4

Occur when the body's immune system is unable to resist bacteria. Symptoms of a bacterial infection include a fever greater than 101 degrees Fahrenheit and an increase in white blood cells.

Front 5

Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy

Back 5

An enlargement of the prostate of a male as he ages.

Front 6

Bipolar Disease

Back 6

Depressive psychosis, alternating between excessive phases of mania and depression.

Front 7

Bronchitis

Back 7

Condition in which the lungs' defense mechanisms have been destroyed by cigarette smoke, occupational dusts, fumes, environmental pollution, or bacterial infection. Characterized by a cough that produces a purulent, green, or blood-soaked sputum.

Front 8

Congestive Heart Failure

Back 8

Condition in which the heart is unable to meet the metabolic needs of the tissues. Congestive heart failure results in the heart pumping less blood than it receives.

Front 9

Constipation

Back 9

The result of low-fiber diets, decreased colon content, increased colon pressure and decreased propulsive motility.

Front 10

Depression

Back 10

A psychiatric disorder that may be caused by changed in neurotransmitters in the brain. Symptoms include a loss of interest in normal activities, low self-esteem, pessimism, self-pity, weight loss or gain, insomnia, loss of energy, feelings of worthlessness, feelings of guilt, or recurrent thoughts of death or suicide.

Front 11

Gestational Diabetes

Back 11

Occurs during the second and third trimester of pregnancy. Can be treated with exercise, diet, and insulin.

Front 12

Type 1 Diabetes

Back 12

An individual's body is unable to produce insulin, and therefore he or she becomes insulin-dependent.

Front 13

Type 2 Diabetes (adult onset)

Back 13

Condition that occurs in individuals who have an impaired insulin secretion and are often insulin-resistant. Treatment includes weight reduction through diet and exercise.

Front 14

Secondary Diabetes

Back 14

Diabetes with onset caused by taking various medications, such as oral contraceptives, beta-blockers, diuretics, calcium channel blockers, glucocorticoids, and phenytoin.

Front 15

Drug-Induced Ulcers

Back 15

Elcers caused by medication such as aspirin, anti-inflammatory agents, corticosteroids, potassium chloride, methotrexate, and iron.

Front 16

Emphysema

Back 16

The destruction of alveoli, walls, or air sacs of the lungs, resulting in an obstruction of the airflow on expiration. May be caused by cigarette smoke, air pollution, occupational exposure, or genetic factors.

Front 17

Epilepsy

Back 17

Abnormal electrical discharges in the cerebral cortex that may result in recurring, paroxysmal seizures.

Front 18

Fungal Infections

Back 18

Infections caused by single-cell organisms that do not have chlorophyll, possess a cell wall, and reproduce by spores. Develop in individuals whose immune system has been compromised by disease, drug therapy, or poor nutrition.

Front 19

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

Back 19

Characterized by radiating burning or chest pain and the presence of an acid taste.

Front 20

Hyperlipidemia

Back 20

An elevation of one or more lipoprotein levels. May be genetically determined.

Front 21

Hypertension

Back 21

Systolic pressure (cardiac output) greater than 140 mm Hg and diastolic pressure (total peripheral resistance) greater than 90 mm Hg. Disease does not have symptoms.

Front 22

Hyperthyroidism (Graves' Disease)

Back 22

An excessive secretion of thyroid hormone characterized by decreased menses, diarrhea, exophthalamos, flushing of the skin, heat intolerance, nervousness, perspiration, tachycardia, and possible weight loss.

Front 23

Hypothyroidism

Back 23

A deficiency of thyroid hormone being secreted by the body, which may be attributed to an iodine deficiency, inflammation of the thyroid gland, or autoimmune destruction of the thyroid gland. Symptoms may include apathy, constipation, decreased heart rate, dry skin nails or scalp, fatigue, enlarged thyroid, lowered voice pitch.

Front 24

Insomnia

Back 24

Characterized by the inability to sleep or remain asleep, which may be caused by situations, medications, or psychiatric or medical conditions.

Front 25

Mania

Back 25

Mood of extreme excitement, excessive elation, hyperactivity, agitation, and increased psychomotor activity.

Front 26

Myocardial Infarction

Back 26

Condition in which the heart muscle is deprived of oxygen because of a reduced oxygen supply, and muscle cells die. May be caused by angina, excessive alcohol consumption, dyspnea on exertion, reduced pulmonary vital capacity, cigarette smoking, or atherosclerosis. Symptoms are described as burning tightness or squeezing of the chest, choking, and substernal pain radiating to the neck, throat, jaw, shoulders and arms.

Front 27

Obesity

Back 27

Condition in which an individual's total body weight consists of greater fat than is considered normal. For males, obesity is body weight 25% above the ideal body weight; for females, it is 35%.

Front 28

Panic Disorders

Back 28

Intense anxiety characterized by a sense of fear, apprehension, or a premonition of serious illness or a life-threatening attack.

Front 29

Schizophrenia

Back 29

Chronic psychotic disorder characterized by a retreat from reality, delusions, hallucinations, ambivalence, withdrawal, or regressive behavior.

Front 30

Stroke

Back 30

An interruption of the oxygen supply to a specific area of the brain caused by a rupture or obstruction (clot) of the blood vessel, resulting in a loss of consciousness. Complications may include retinopathy, neuropathy, vascular problems, or kidney damage.

Front 31

Tuberculosis

Back 31

A disease affecting the lungs; caused by leukocytes and the lymph in the body. Tuberculosis is spread by respiratory droplets inhaled into the lungs of a person.

Front 32

Ulcers

Back 32

Disorders of the upper GI tract caused by excessive acid secretion. Ulcers may be categorized as gastric ulcers, which are local excavations of the gastric mucosa occurring more often in men from the Western hemisphere. Duodenal ulcers occur in the duodenum of the intestine and are usually caused by hypersecretion of acid. Stress ulcers develop from the breakdown of the natural mucosal resistance from severe physiologic stress caused by an illness.

Front 33

Urinary Tract Infections

Back 33

Presence of bacteria in the urinary tract with localized symptoms. Symptoms include blood in the urine, fever, and burning sensation.

Front 34

Viral Infections

Back 34

Diseases caused by agents smaller than bacteria, which are normally spread by direct contact, ingestion of contaminated food and water, or inhalation of airborne particles. May be acute, chronic, or slow in nature, and the infection may be local or generalized. Symptoms are more severe than in bacterial infections and include malaise, myalgia, headaches, chills or fever.