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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Equation for Calculating Creatinine Clearance for men and women
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CrCl(men) = (140-age)(TBW in kg) / 72(SCr)
CrCl(women) = CrCl(men) * 0.85 |
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Na+ reference range
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135-145 mEq/L
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K+ reference range
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3.5-5.0 mEq/L
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Cl- reference range
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98-107 mEq/L
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CO2 reference range
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22-30 mEq/L
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BUN reference range
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7- 20 mg/dL
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SCr reference range
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0.5 - 1.3 mg/dL
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Glucose reference range
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70-110 mg/dL
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WBC reference range
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4,000-11,000 / mm^3
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Hgb for Males reference range
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12-17 gm/dL
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Hgb for Females reference range
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11-15 gm/dL
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Hct for Males reference range
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40-50%
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Hct for Females reference range
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38-47%
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Plt reference range
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150,000-400,000 / mm^3
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Chem-7 Profile is made up of which tests?
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Na, K, Cl, CO2, BUN, SCr, Glucose
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Complete Blood Count (CBC) is made up of which tests?
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WBC, Hgb, Hct, Plt
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Phenytoin, which is a narrow therapeutic drug, has a normal therapeutic range of:
a. 5-10 mg/L b. 10-20 mg/L c. 15-20 mg/L d. 20-30 mg/L |
b. 10-20 mg/L
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According to the course syllabus which of the following is/are included as professionalism didactic standards?
a. Identifies and respects the values of others b. Demonstrates sensitivity to confidentiality issues c. Completes assigned responsibilities on time d. All of the above |
d. All of the above
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The extent to which the mean measurement is close to the true value is called
a) sensitivity b) accuracy c) precision d) specificty |
b) accuracy
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The reproducibility of a measurement is called
a) specificity b) sensitivity c) accuracy d) precision |
d) precision
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The ability of a test to identify positive results in patients who actually have the disease, also called true positive rate, is called
a) sensitivity b) specificity c) accuracy d) precision |
a) sensitivity
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The ability of a test to identify negative results in patients who do not have the disease, also known as a true negative rate, is called
a) accuracy b) sensitivity c) precision d) specificity |
d) specificity
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Positive results in patients who have the disease is what type of result?
a) true positive b) true negative c) false positive d) false negative |
true positive
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Positive results in patients who do not have the disease is called a
a) true positive b) true negative c) false positive d) false negative |
c) false positive
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A negative results in a patient who does not have the disease is called a
a) true positive b) true negative c) false positive d) false negative |
d) true negative
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A negative result in a patient who actually has the disease is called
a) false negative b) false positive c) true positive d) true negative |
a) false negative
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Factors that can influence a normal, or reference range, of a lab result include:
a. Age and gender b. Food and nutritional status c. Time of day d. All of the above |
d. All of the above
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A lab test with values reported with a numerical range (eg. 3.5-5 mEq/L) is classified as:
a. Quantitative b. Qualitative c. Specific d. Sensitive |
a. Quantitative
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Which of the following is correct?
a b c d a. Hct b. Hct c. Hct d. Hct |
d. Hct
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The ability to show a positive test result when the person actually has the disease in question is referred to as:
a. Accuracy b. Predictive c. Sensitivity d. Specificity |
c. Sensitivity
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Which box best describe a false positive result?
Test Result True Result + - + a b - c d a. a b. b c. c d. d |
b. b
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Which of the following is the WORST reason to order a lab test?
a. Determining the stage or activity level of a disease b. Determining the recurrence of a disease c. To determine if a physician made the correct diagnosis d. Measuring the effectiveness of therapy and guiding its course |
c. To determine if a physician made the correct diagnosis
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Which box best describe a false negative result?
Test Result True Result + - + a b - c d a. a b. b c. c d. d |
c. c
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What is the reference range for potassium in the body?
a. 2.5-2.5 mEq/L b. 3.0-4.5 mEq/L c. 3.5-5 mEq/L d. 5.0-6.5 mEq/L |
c. 3.5-5 mEq/L
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Which of the following is correct?
a b c d e f a. Cl b. Cl c. Cl d. Cl |
b. Cl
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Which of the following does not concern diagnostic tests?
a) they are complex b) commonly used when signs and symptoms are expressed c) can be ordered by physicians or nonphysician providers d) specificity e) all the above are true |
c) can be ordered by physicians or nonphysician providers
(cannot be ordered by nonphysicians...screening tests can though) |
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Na+, K+. BUN, SCr are all examples of _______ types of lab tests.
a) quantitative b) qualitative c) semiquantitative d) none of the above |
a) quantitative
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The mean value plus or minus two standard deviations of a laboratory test is known
as: a. Best value b. Abnormal value c. Normal or Reference range d. Statistical range |
c. Normal or Reference range
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An indication for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring is which of the following?
a. To assess a drug’s therapeutic effect when such is not easily measured by physical assessment b. To determine why a patient is not experiencing an expected therapeutic effect of a drug c. To confirm drug toxicity d. To evaluate the presence of a pharmacokinetic drug interaction e. All the above |
e. All the above
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Positive Predictive Value is calculated by:
a. TN / (FP + TN) x 100 b. TP / (TP + FN) x 100 c. TP / (TP + FP) x 100 d. TN / (FN + TN) x 100 |
c. TP / (TP + FP) x 100
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A patient comes in for routine follow-up and a Basic Metabolic Profile is ordered.
This patient has a past medical history of hypertension for which he currently takes an ACE inhibitor. His fasting BMP is: What lab value(s) is/are abnormal? 137 101 12 134 5.3 26 0.9 a. Na+ b. K+ c. Cr d. Glucose e. b and d |
e. b and d
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An elderly patient comes in for complaints of unusual fatigue. She takes a multivitamin and an 81 mg aspirin daily. She is otherwise healthy. The clinical
pharmacist orders a Hematology profile. The profile results are: 10 7.2 185 31 What laboratory value(s) is/are abnormal? a. Hb b. WBC c. Hct d. a and b e. a and c |
e. a and c
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All of the following are true of INR EXCEPT:
a. It is an abbreviation for International Normalized Ratio b. An acceptable value for treatment of deep vein thrombosis is 1 c. It is a calculated value designed to standardize PTs worldwide d. It is a laboratory test to assess warfarin therapy |
b. An acceptable value for treatment of deep vein thrombosis is 1
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What type of test is a urine pregnancy test?
a. Quantitative b. Qualitative c. Semi-qualitative d. Semi-quantitative e. None of the above |
b. Qualitative
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Factor(s) that may change the usual interpretation of the normal range include:
a. Specimen analyzed b. Demographics c. Time of day d. Drugs e. All the above |
e. All the above
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A test that produces a value that is equal to or very close to the known quantity is
known to have high __________. a. Specificity b. Sensitivity c. Precision d. Accuracy |
d. Accuracy
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Percentage of negative results among people who do not have the disease in
question is called: a. Sensitivity b. Specificity c. Prevalence d. Predictive Value |
b. Specificity
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A 42-year-old male presents to the clinic for a routine evaluation. He weighs 78 kg. Today his SCr result was 2.1 mg/dL. Which of the following is the best estimate of this person’s creatinine clearance using the Cockroft and Gault equation?
a.30 mL/min b.50 mL/min c.25 mL/min d.40 mL/min e.20 mL/min |
b.50 mL/min
CrClMEN = [(140 – age)(TBW in kg)] / [(72)(SCr)] = [(140 – 42)(78)] / [(72)(2.1)] = 7644 / 151.2 ~ 50.55 mL/min |
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Which of the following is the reference range for platelet count?
a.135 – 145 mEq/L b.4,000 – 11,000/mm3 c.3.5 – 5.0 mEq/L d.150,000 – 400,000/mm3 e.70 – 110 mg/dL |
d.150,000 – 400,000/mm3
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25.You are working at a hospital during rotations, and you find that one of your patients presents with the following CHEM-7 profile:
Which of the following is the most appropriate conclusion? a.The patient should be assessed for symptoms of hypokalemia b.The patient has a critically-elevated serum sodium level c.The patient has a critically-elevated serum potassium level d.The patient has poor renal function e.All of these results are within the normal range |
a.The patient should be assessed for symptoms of hypokalemia
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While monitoring a medication regimen for a patient, you come across the following: acetaminophen, calcium carbonate, gentamicin, vancomycin. The medications from this list with a narrow therapeutic range include
a.Calcium carbonate and acetaminophen b.Calcium carbonate, gentamicin, and acetaminophen c.Gentamicin and vancomycin d.Vancomycin and calcium carbonate |
c.Gentamicin and vancomycin
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25.Sensitivity is defined as
a.The ability of a test to identify positive results in patients who actually have the disease b.The ability of a test to identify negative results in patients who do not have the disease c.True positive rate d.A and C e.B and C |
d.A and C
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25.All of the following can be used to assess liver function except
a.Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) b.Creatinine clearance (CrCl) c.Alkaline phostphatase d.Total bilirubin e.Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) |
b.Creatinine clearance (CrCl)
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