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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Trimethoprim |
300mg for 3 days |
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Cephalexin |
500 mg twice daily for 5 days May have allergy
Used in preganacy First line |
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Amoxycillin + clav |
Medium spectrum Abx
Diarhoea, Allergy |
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Nitrofurantion |
Hepatoxicity - Monitor LFTs Peripheral neurophathy Pulmonary toxicity
Used in pregnancy |
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Norflaxcin |
Covers pseudemonas 1 hour before or 2 after meal No dairy products or iron without 2 hours Phototoxicity avoid sun exposure |
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Acute pylonephritis |
Amoxycillin + clavulanic acid twice daily 10 days |
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Gentamicin |
Used in severe pylonephritis 4-6 mg / kg for first dose then determine dosing interval via renal function
Nephrotoxic |
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ACE inhibiors |
First line in Hypertension decline in renal function (monitor SeCreat) hyperkalaemia (monitor K
Cough (5-30%) Angiodema (0.2%) |
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Calcium Channel blocker (Dihydropyridine) |
First line in Hypertension
Headache Postural hypotension Peripheral Oedema
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Thiazide |
First line for >65
May precipitate gout Risk of new onset diabetes Electrolyte disturbance |
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Angiotension 2 Receptor antagonist |
decline in renal function (monitor SeCreat) hyperkalaemia (monitor K
|
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Beta Blockers |
Although not used for simple hypertension. Maybe used for hypertension with Angina, post MI and Tachyarithmias |
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Statin |
First line therapy |
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Ezitimibe |
Second line + Statin
Myalgia, myopathy and rhabdomyolysis
risk increased for some statins by inhibition of CYP3A4 risk increased if combined with fibrate may respond to dose reduction monitor creatine kinase (CK) level |
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Fibrates |
Usually for triglyceride lowering
myalgia, myopathy and rhabdomyolysis elevated aminotransferases photosensitivity (fenofibrate) |
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Clopidogrel
Prasugrel
ticagrelor |
While the other two anitplatelts are more effective they also carry a higher risk of bleeding. Clopidogrel is the cheapest and the other two should only be considered if there is a contraindication or in patients at a very high risk of having another event. |
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LMWH (Enoxaparin) |
Monitoring usually unnecessary as less inter patient variation than UFH and longer acting. However, harder to reverse effects and more expensive.
DVT-Prophylaxis - 20-40 mg SC d |
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Unfractionated Heprin |
Short acting and required frequent monitoring ' APTT: 60-85 ACT
DVT-Prophylaxis- 5000 units |
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Dabigatran
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Direct thrombin inhibitor also approved for use in atrial fibrillation drug interactions Pgp inhibitors increase concentration Cannot be reversed hip knee DVT prophylaxis |
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Rivaroxaban and Apixaban
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factor Xa inhibitor drug interactions CYP3A4 and Pgp inhibitors Cannot be reversed
10 mg Daily 6-10 hours after surgery for 2 weeks (Knee) or 5 weeks (Hip) |
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Warfarin |
2.0-3.0 for DVT and AF CYP2C9 |
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Sublingual Nitrate |
Headache Orthostatic hypotension Flushing Drug stability GTN is volatile Drug delivery device limitations Drug interactions PDE5 inhibitors risk of profound hypotension |
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Nicorandil |
Orthostatic hypotension Flushing Buccle ulceration Headache |
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perhexaline |
Hepatoxicity peripheral neuropathy |
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Ivabradine |
Bradycardia AV block Luminous Effect |
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Beta Blockers |
bradycardia and hypotension fatigue cold extremities vivid dreams and insomnia depression |
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