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28 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Trimethoprim

300mg for 3 days
Covers Ecoli and Staph. No pseudemonas or Ecocci .
Contraindicated in anemia due to folate deficiency
or crcl < 10

Cephalexin

500 mg twice daily for 5 days


May have allergy



Used in preganacy First line

Amoxycillin + clav

Medium spectrum Abx
Ecoli, Staph, Ecocci



Diarhoea, Allergy

Nitrofurantion

Hepatoxicity - Monitor LFTs


Peripheral neurophathy


Pulmonary toxicity



Used in pregnancy

Norflaxcin

Covers pseudemonas


1 hour before or 2 after meal


No dairy products or iron without 2 hours


Phototoxicity avoid sun exposure

Acute pylonephritis

Amoxycillin + clavulanic acid twice daily 10 days

Gentamicin

Used in severe pylonephritis


4-6 mg / kg for first dose then determine dosing interval via renal function



Nephrotoxic

ACE inhibiors

First line in Hypertension


decline in renal function (monitor SeCreat)


hyperkalaemia (monitor K



Cough (5-30%)


Angiodema (0.2%)

Calcium Channel blocker (Dihydropyridine)

First line in Hypertension



Headache


Postural hypotension


Peripheral Oedema


Thiazide

First line for >65



May precipitate gout


Risk of new onset diabetes


Electrolyte disturbance

Angiotension 2 Receptor antagonist
(Sartan)


decline in renal function (monitor SeCreat)


hyperkalaemia (monitor K


Beta Blockers

Although not used for simple hypertension. Maybe used for hypertension with Angina, post MI and Tachyarithmias

Statin

First line therapy

Ezitimibe

Second line + Statin



Myalgia, myopathy and rhabdomyolysis



risk increased for some statins by inhibition of CYP3A4


risk increased if combined with fibrate


may respond to dose reduction


monitor creatine kinase (CK) level

Fibrates

Usually for triglyceride lowering



myalgia, myopathy and rhabdomyolysis


elevated aminotransferases


photosensitivity (fenofibrate)

Clopidogrel



Prasugrel



ticagrelor

While the other two anitplatelts are more effective they also carry a higher risk of bleeding. Clopidogrel is the cheapest and the other two should only be considered if there is a contraindication or in patients at a very high risk of having another event.

LMWH (Enoxaparin)

Monitoring usually unnecessary as less inter patient variation than UFH and longer acting. However, harder to reverse effects and more expensive.



DVT-Prophylaxis - 20-40 mg SC d

Unfractionated Heprin

Short acting and required frequent monitoring '


APTT: 60-85


ACT




DVT-Prophylaxis- 5000 units

Dabigatran


Direct thrombin inhibitor


also approved for use in atrial fibrillation


drug interactions


Pgp inhibitors increase concentration


Cannot be reversed


hip knee DVT prophylaxis

Rivaroxaban and Apixaban


factor Xa inhibitor


drug interactions


CYP3A4 and Pgp inhibitors


Cannot be reversed
Hip knee DVT prophylaxis



10 mg Daily 6-10 hours after surgery for 2 weeks (Knee) or 5 weeks (Hip)

Warfarin

2.0-3.0 for DVT and AF


CYP2C9

Sublingual Nitrate

Headache


Orthostatic hypotension


Flushing


Drug stability GTN is volatile


Drug delivery device limitations


Drug interactions PDE5 inhibitors


risk of profound hypotension

Nicorandil

Orthostatic hypotension


Flushing


Buccle ulceration


Headache

perhexaline

Hepatoxicity


peripheral neuropathy

Ivabradine

Bradycardia


AV block


Luminous Effect

Beta Blockers

bradycardia and hypotension


fatigue


cold extremities


vivid dreams and insomnia


depression

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