Pharmacology.block 2 Nsaids & Eicosanoids

Front 1

Maintanence of patency of ductus arteriosus in neonates

Back 1

Alprostadil (PGE1)

This also used to be used for erectile dysfunction

Front 2

Treats/Prevents NSAID induced gastric ulcers

Back 2

Misoprostol

PGE2 Analog

Front 3

H1 Antagonist that is used to treat Motion Sickness

Back 3

Meclizine, Cyclizine

These also have an effect on M1 receptors, thus providing relief of motion sickness

Front 4

Used for Post Operative pain,

Back 4

Promethazine

Histamine H1 Antagonists 1st Generation

Front 5

Nasal spray

Back 5

Azelastine

Histamine H1 Antagonists 1st Generation

Front 6

Used for Chronic Allergies but do not cause sedation

Back 6

Histamine H1 Antagonists 2nd Generation

includes Fexofenadine, Loratadine, Cetrizine

Front 7

Reduce Gastric Acid secretion (Ulcers, heart burn)

Back 7

Histamine H2 Antagonists

includes Ranitidine, Famotidine, Nizatidine, CIMETIDINE

Front 8

LT receptor Antagonist, Used as an adjunct for the treatment of COPD and asthma

Back 8

Zafirlukast

Front 9

Used as an adjunct for the treatment of COPD and asthma, Inhibits Lipoxygenase pathway

Back 9

Zileuton

Front 10

used for gout only in situations where pt is not responsive to NSAIDs, causes severe GI effects (diarrhea)

Back 10

Colchicine

used in acute gout, inhibits phagocytosis therefore preventing inflammatory response

Front 11

Increases uric acid excretion

Back 11

Probenacin

Front 12

blocks proximal tubule reabsorption of uric acid

Back 12

Probenacin

Front 13

Given prophylactically before starting chemotherapy

Back 13

Allopurinol

Front 14

reduces formation of and plasma levels of uric acid. Never given in an acute gouty attack!

Back 14

Allopurinol

Front 15

Given prophylactically before vacations

Back 15

Allopurinol

Front 16

Indicated for the closure of patent ductus arteriosus!

Back 16

Indomethacin

Front 17

1st line tx for acute gout

Back 17

Indomethacin

Front 18

Both parent and metabolite are active,

Back 18

Sulindac

Front 19

low dose inhibits TX production in platelets, but not as effective as aspirin

Back 19

Diflusinal

Front 20

NO antiinflammatory effects.

Back 20

Acetaminophen

Front 21

DoC if aspirin is CI (ie. GI problems, viral inf in children)

Back 21

Acetaminophen

Front 22

NSAID used for Management of post operative pain when you don't want to use an opioid (d/t resp depression) less than 5 days

Back 22

Ketorolac

Front 23

The only NSAID that binds irreversibly to COX,

Back 23

Aspirin

Front 24

anti platelet agent with shortest half life

Back 24

Aspirin

Front 25

Used when pt needs an NSAID but has GI irritation

Back 25

Celecoxib

The only COX2 specific inhibitor

Front 26

Prophylaxis for MI and prevention of recurrence of MI, embolism and stroke.

Back 26

Aspirin

Front 27

_is a long-acting drug that is widely used for skin allergies, also used as a mild anxiolytic

Back 27

Hydroxyzine

Front 28

What eicosanoid plays a role in renal function?

Back 28

PGE2

Front 29

What eicosanoid plays a role in uterine muscle contraction?

Back 29

PGE2

Front 30

What eicosanoid plays a role in maintanence of patent ductus arteriosus?

Back 30

PGE1

Front 31

What eicosanoid plays a role in gastric protection?

Back 31

PGI2

Front 32

PGI2 (inhibits/stimulates) platelet aggregation

Back 32

Inhibits

Front 33

PGE1 (inhibits/stimulates) platelet aggregation?

Back 33

inhibits

Front 34

What eicosanoid(s) plays a role in contraction of bronchial smooth muscle?

Back 34

LTC4, LTD4, LTE4

Front 35

What eicosanoid plays a role in migration and chemotaxis

Back 35

LTB4

(Also increases production of DAGs and IP3)

Front 36

The H2 receptor is what type of receptor?

Back 36

Gs (this increases cAMP)

The H2 receptor stimulates gastric secretion

Front 37

The (H1/H2) histamine receptor increases SA nodal rate

Back 37

H2

Front 38

The (H1/H2) histamine receptor decreases AV nodal conduction

Back 38

H1

Front 39

Inhibits release of histamine and other mediators and intranasally, reducing hyper reactivity of the airways and increases the motility of bronchial cilia

Back 39

Azelastine

Front 40

The most potent corticosteroid with negligable mineralocorticoid effects

Back 40

Dexamethasone

Front 41

Corticosteroid used prophylactically for asthma?

Back 41

Beclomethasone

Front 42

Corticosteroids principally act by inhibiting _

Back 42

Phospholipas A2

Front 43

Corticosteroid antagonist used as an adjunct in the treatment of hypertension

Back 43

Spironolactone

Front 44

What NSAID has the least affinity for COX2 enzymes?

Back 44

Indomethacin,

(Then aspirin, piroxicam, ibprofen, diclofenac, celecoxib)

Front 45

NSAID with an active sulfide metabolite

Back 45

Sulindac

Front 46

Contraindicated in pediatric patients with viral infection

Back 46

Aspirin

Front 47

What is the relation between aspirin and uric acid excretion?

Back 47

At low doses of aspirin, uric acid excretion is decreased,
---> May precipitate gout

At high doses, uric acid excretion is increased.

Front 48

Aspirin should never be used in child with _. Why?

Back 48

Viral illness!

Can cause Reye's syndrome, which is a FATAL consequence, WHICH causes CNS damage and hepatic damage.

Front 49

How do you treat aspiring overdose (salicylism)?

Back 49

Sodium Bicarbonate!!

Front 50

Why is aspirin contraindicated in patients with COPD and asthma?

Back 50

Because it causes a shift of the eicosanoid pathway: It blocks COX therefore upregulates TXs.

Front 51

Chronic use of all NSAIDs are a/w what side effect?

What is the typical side effect of NSAIDs

Back 51

renal dysfunction (knocks out PG that are responsible for renal perfusion)


GI distress (knocks out the cytoprotective effects, triggers release of gastric acid)

Front 52

What NSAID is used in a patient who has severe GI irritation?

What condition is this drug absolutely contraindicated in?

Back 52

Celecoxib

Contraindicated in MI and strokes! (There is an increased risk of thrombosis)

Front 53

Your patient who is on chronic NSAIDs develops a gastrointestinal ulcer.

What do you treat them with to aid in the healing of the ulcer?

Back 53

Proton Pump Inhibitors

(if that's not an option, then MIsoprostol - a PGE2 analog)

To PREVENT further injury, treat with Celecoxib, but if the damage is already done, use a PPI

Front 54

Why will chronic use of NSAIDs negate the effects of a diuretic?

Back 54

It will cause sodium retention, therefore reducing the efficacy of diuretic agents.

Front 55

Mitotic spindle inhibitor used for treating gout. Causes severe GI effects.

Back 55

Colchicine

given when the patient is unresponsive to NSAIDs.

Front 56

Probenacid is used for what type of gout patients?

It will not work in patients _

Back 56

underexcretors - it acts in the proximal tubule to block the reabsorption of uric acid, therefore increases uric acid Excretion.

It will not work in renal dysfunction patients - ie. those with a GFR less than 60 ml/s