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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the body's response to cellular/tissue trauma?
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phospholipids release ARACHIDONIC ACID, which can then go either on leukotriene or prostaglandin pathway to produce pain and inflammation
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describe the prostaglandin pathway and its effects
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CYCLOOXYGENASE (COX) converts arachidonic acid into prostaglandins
prostaglandins sensitizes body to pain, inc pain, and induces inflammation |
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What is COX?
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cyclooxygenase - conversts arachidonic acid into prostaglandins
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COX1 vs COX2
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1 = stomach protector, dec acid, inc mucuous, inc bicarb.
- promotes renal perfusion - platelet aggregator 2 = in most tissues, only activated in resp to trauma or infammation - stim synth of prostaglandins --> pain and inflammation |
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Name the COX inhibitors
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COX (1 and 2) inhibitors
- aspirin - ibuprofen - naproxen - ketorolac COX 2 inhibitor celeCOXib (celebrex) nonantiinflammatory - acetominophen |
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What are the adverse effects of COX inhibitors?
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GI discomfort -> heartburn, nausea
renal dysfunction -> poor unrine output |
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What is salicylism?
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toxic aspirin dosage - tinnitus, hearing loss, headache, sweating
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What is Reye's syndrome
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adverse reaction to aspirin in children - lethal
rash, vomit, HA, confusion, stupor, may lead to coma death |
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How do you reduce GI discomfort with COX inhibitors?
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take with milk or food
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this provides pain relief equivalent to that of morphine.
adverse effects? |
ketorolac (Toradol)
inc risk for bleeding |
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What adverse effect does the COX2 inhibitors have?
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celeCOXib (Celebrex)
may increase MI stroke SULFANAMIDE ALLERGY |
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What drugs should one avoid when taking acetominophen?
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alcohol - liver damage
warfarin - inc risk for bleeding |
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Why is acetominophen likely for overdose?
what can treat overdose? |
because in so many OTC meds
acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) = antidote (egg smell, bad taste) |
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What is acetylcysteine?
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antidote for acetominophen overdose
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What is the patho for migraines?
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neurohyperexcitability causing vasodilation/inflammtion in brain
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migraine triggers?
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wine, cheese, chocolate, MSG
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What drug causes seratonin syndrome? what are the symptoms?
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any seratonin agonist ie Triptan, a migraine drug
symptoms - hallucinations, tachycardia, restlessness |
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How do migraine drugs work
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vasoconstriction
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triptan vs ergot mechanism
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triptan - seratonin receptor
ergot - 5HTid receptor |
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What is cafergot?
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caffeine inc the effects of ergot, a migraine drug
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