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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What technique should be used by the nurse when discontinuing an IV to prevent a hematoma?
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Swiftly pierce the skin & anchor the catheter & tubing to reduce tissue trauma
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What are two causes of fluid overload due to IV therapy?
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Infusing excessive amounts of IV fluids or administering fluid too rapidly
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What are signs of fluid overload?
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Weight gain, edema, hypertension, SOB, crackles, distended neck veins
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Name three signs that an IV line has infiltrated.
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- Slowed or stopped flow
- Swelling, tenderness, pallor, hardness & coolness at site - Patient may report a burning sensation in the area |
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Identify three actions a nurse should take if an IV line has infiltrated.
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- Stop the infusion immediately
- Restart the IV infusion in a different vein, higher in the extremity or in another extremity - Elevate the affected arm on a pillow to promote absorption of excess fluid |
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What is the difference between infiltration and extravasation?
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Extravasation is infiltration of a vesicant substance into the tissues, causes the formation of blisters & subsequent sloughing & necrosis
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If there is extravasation at an IV site, in addition to elevation of the extremity, what should be applied to the site?
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Stop IV infusion immediately, administer an antidote (alters the pH, alter DNA binding, neutralize the drug or dilute the extravasated drug), apply cold compresses & elevate the extremity
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Define phlebitis. What causes it?
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- Inflammation of the vein
- May be due to mechanical irritation, infusion of solutions that are irritating to the vessel or sepsis |
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Describe the appearance of an IV site that has phlebitis
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Redness, pain, warmth at the site, local swelling, palpable cold along the vein, sluggish infusion rate & elevated temp
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Name two actions a nurse should take at the first sign of phlebitis
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Discontinue IV, apply cold compresses to the site and after use warm compresses
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How frequently should an IV site be rotated to prevent phlebitis?
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96 hours
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