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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the four types of oral hypoglycemics?
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SULFONYLUREAS (+insulin release)
BIGUANIDES (-gluconeogenesis) GLITAZONES (-insulin resistance) ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITORS (-carb absorption) |
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METFORMIN class?
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BIGUANIDE (decrease hepatic gluconeogenesis)
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METFORMIN clinical?
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DM II
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METFORMIN side effects?
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GI distress
NOT predisposed to hypoglycemia Lactic Acidosis |
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METFORMIN contraindications?
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Renal Insufficiency (-drug clearance)
Hepatic Dysfunction (-lactate clearance) |
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What is the name of an older biguanide withdrawn from US market due to high incidence of lactic acidosis?
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PHENFORMIN
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GLYBURIDE class?
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SULFONYLUREA (+insulin release)
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GLYBURIDE mechanism?
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Enhances insulin release from pancreatic Beta islet cells via:
inhibit ATP K+ channel -> -K+ efflux -> membrane depolarization -> opening of voltage gated Ca+ channels -> Ca influx -> insulin release |
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GLYBURIDE clinical?
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DM II
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GLYBURIDE side effects?
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Hypoglycemia
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GLYBURIDE metabolism?
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PO
Hepatic metabolism Renal excretion |
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METFORMIN metabolism?
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PO
Renal excretion |
