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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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General steps in clot formation:
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intrinsic + extrinsic factors turn prothrombin into thrombin
thrombin turns fibrinogen into fibrin fibrin forms the clot |
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General steps in clot breakdown:
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tissue plasminogen activator turns plasminogen into plasmin
plasmin busts the clot |
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3 treatments for overactive clotting:
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anticoagulants
antithrombotics thrombolytics |
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Anticoagulants are often used to prevent and treat:
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venous clot formation
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2 types of anticoagulants:
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heparin
oral anticoagulants (warfarin) |
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Mechanism of heparin:
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increases activity of antithrombin III
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Mechanism of warfarin:
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impairs vitamin K synthesis of clotting factors
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Disadvantages to warfarin:
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can't be used if pregnant
takes several days to become effective |
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Anticoagulation and early ambulation with leg compression led to...
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faster pain and swelling reduction, without a greater risk for PE's, as compared to immobilization
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**To determine the initial amount of masking, most audiologists use this formula for AC:
and this one for BC: |
AC is IM = AC NTE + 10 dB EML
BC is IM = AC NTE + 10 dB EML + OE |
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Indications for antithrombotics:
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prevent thrombus formation in arteries
prevent and treat MI prevent ischemic CVA (possibly) |
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Asprin is a...
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antithrombotic
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Functions of thrombolytics:
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facilitate destruction of clots
reestablish blood flow |
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Indications for thrombolytics:
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treat acute MI
treat acute ischemic CVA |
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How would you treat hemophilia?
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replace missing clotting factor
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How would you treat vitamin K dependent clotting factor deficiencies?
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administer exogenous vitamin K
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How would you treat excessive bleeding due to excessive plasmin breakdown of clots?
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administer antifibrinolytics/antiplasmin agents
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PT considerations for clotting deficiencies:
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be careful with STM, wound care
watch for falls, trauma, bumps avoid high impact exercise |
