Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
95 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Antidote for acetaminophen
|
N-acetylcysteine
|
|
|
Antidote for salicylates
|
NaHCO3 (alkalinize urine), dialysis
|
|
|
Antidote for amphetamines
|
NH4Cl (acidify urine)
|
|
|
Antidote for anticholinesterases, organophosphataes
|
atropine (muscarinic antagonist), pralidoxime (increase acteylcholinesterase)
|
|
|
Antidote for antimuscarinic, anticholinergic agents
|
physostigmine salicylate
|
|
|
Antidote for B blockers
|
glucagon
|
|
|
Antidote for digitalis
|
stop digitalis, normalize K+, lidocaine, anti-dig Fab fragments, Mg2+
|
|
|
Antidote for iron
|
deferoxamine
|
|
|
Antidote for lead
|
CaEDTA, dimercaprol, succimer, penicillamine
|
|
|
Antidote for mercury, arsenic, gold
|
dimercaprol (BAL), succimer
|
|
|
Antidote for cyainde
|
nitrite, hydroxocobalamin, thisulfate
|
|
|
Antidote for Methemgloibin
|
methylene blue, vitamin C
|
|
|
Antidote for carbon monoxide
|
100% O2, hyperbaric O2
|
|
|
Antidote for methanol, ethylene glycol (antifreeze)
|
ethanol, dialysis, fomepizole
|
|
|
Antidote for opoids
|
Naloxone/naltrezone
|
|
|
Antidote for benzodiazepines
|
Flumazenil
|
|
|
Antidote for TCAs
|
NaHCO3 (serum alkalinization)
|
|
|
Antidote for heparin
|
protamine
|
|
|
Antidote for warfarin
|
vitamin K, fresh frozen plasma
|
|
|
Antidote for tPA, streptokinase
|
aminocaproic acid
|
|
|
Antidote for theophylline
|
B-blocker
|
|
|
What is the leading cause of death from toxicologic agents in children?
|
iron poisoning
|
|
|
What happens during iron poisoning?
|
cell death due to peroxidation of membrane lipids
symptoms: acute: gastric bleeding chronic: metabolic acidosis, scarring leading to GI obstruction |
|
|
What cause atropine like side effects in the heart?
|
TCA's
|
|
|
What causes coronary vasospasm?
|
coaine, sumatriptan
|
|
|
What causes cutaneous flushing?
|
VANC
vancomycin, adenosine, niacin, Ca2+ channel blockers |
|
|
What causes dilated cardiomyopathy?
|
doxorubicin (adrimycin, daunorubicin)
|
|
|
What causes torsades de pointes?
|
class III (sotalol), class IA (quinidine) antiarrhythmics, cisapride
|
|
|
What causes agranulocytosis?
|
CCCaP MD
methimazole, clozapine, carbamazepine, colchicine, dapsone, propylthiouracil |
|
|
What causes aplastic anemia?
|
chloramphenicol, benzene, NSAIDs, propylthiouraci, methimazole
|
|
|
What causes direct coombs positive hemolytic anemia?
|
methyldopa
|
|
|
What causes gray baby syndrome?
|
chloramphenicol
|
|
|
What causes hemolysis in G6PD deficient patients?
|
'hemolysis IS PAIN'
Isoniazid (INH), sulfonamides, primaquine, aspirin, ibuprofen, nitrofurantoin |
|
|
What causes megaloblastic anemia?
|
'having a blast with PMS'
phenytoin, methotrexate, sulfa drugs |
|
|
What causes thrombotic complications?
|
OCPs (estrogens and progestins)
|
|
|
What causes a cough?
|
ACE inhibitors (ARBs don't cause a cough)
|
|
|
What causes pulmonary fibrosis
|
Bleomycin, amiodarone, busulfan (hard to BLAB when you have pul fiborsis)
|
|
|
What causes actue cholestatic hepatits?
|
macrolides
|
|
|
What causes focal to massive hepatic necrosis?
|
halothane, valproic acid, acetaminophen, Amanita phalloides
|
|
|
What causes hepatitis?
|
INH
|
|
|
What causes pseudomembranous coliits?
|
clindamycin, ampicillin
|
|
|
What causes adrenocortical insufficiency?
|
glucocorticoid withdrawl
|
|
|
What causes gynecomastia?
|
'Some drugs create awesome knockers'
Spironolactone, digitalis, cimetidine, chronic Alcohol use, estrogens, ketoconazole |
|
|
What drugs cause hot flashes?
|
tamoxifen, clomiphene
|
|
|
What causes hypothyroidism?
|
lithium, amiodarone
|
|
|
What causes gingival hyperplasia?
|
phenytoin
|
|
|
what causes gout?
|
ferosemide, thiazides, niacin
|
|
|
what causes osteoporosis?
|
cortiosteroids, heparin
|
|
|
what causes photosensitivity?
|
'SAT for a photo'
Sulfonamides, amiodarone, tetracycline |
|
|
What causes a rash (SJS)?
|
'SEL CAPPP'
sulfa drugs, ethosuximide, lamotrigine, carbamzepine, allopurinol, phenobarbital, phenytoin, penicillin |
|
|
What causes causes a SLE-like syndrome?
|
' it is not HIPP to have lupus'
Hydralazine, INH, procainamide, phenytoin |
|
|
What causes tendonitis, tendon rupture, and cartilage damage in kids?
|
fluoroquinoloines
|
|
|
What causes faconi's syndrome?
|
expired tetracyclilne, cisplatin
|
|
|
what causes intersittial nephritis?
|
methicillin, NSAIDs, ferosemide
|
|
|
What causes hemorrhagic cystitis?
|
cyclophsophamide, ifosfamide (prevent by coadministering with mesna)
|
|
|
What causes cinchoinism (flushed sweaty skin, tinnitus, blurred vision, impaired hearing, confusion, rashes)?
|
quinidine, quinine
|
|
|
What causes diabetes insipidus?
|
lithium, demeclocycline
|
|
|
what causes parkinson like syndrome?
|
Haloperidol, chlorpromazine, reserpine, metoclopramide
|
|
|
What causes seizures?
|
bupropion, imipenem/cilastatin, isoniazid
|
|
|
what causes tardive dyskinesia?
|
antipsychotics
|
|
|
What causes dusulfiram like reaction?
|
metronidazole, certain cephalosporins, procarbazine, 1st generation sulfonylureas
|
|
|
What causes nephrotoxicity (acute tubular necrosis)/neurotoxicity?
|
polymyxins
|
|
|
What causes nephrotoxcity and ototoxicity?
|
aminoglycosides, vancomycin, loop diuretics, cisplatin
|
|
|
What are P450 inducers?
|
'Queen barb steals Phen-phen and refuses greasy carbs
Quinidine, barbituates, St. John's wort, phenytoin, Rifampin, Griseofulvin, carbamazepine, Chronic alcohol use |
|
|
What are P450 inhibitors?
|
' inhibit yourself from drinking a KEG because it can make you ACUTELY SICK'
Ketoconazole, Erythromycin, grapefruit juice, Acute alcohol use, Sulfonamides, Isoniazid, Cimetidine, |
|
|
What can both inhibit and induce P-450? What is the most important effect?
|
quinidine - induction is the more important effect
|
|
|
What are competitive substrates for ADH?
|
ethylene glycol, methanol, ethanol - reason why you pee so much when you drink
|
|
|
how is ethylene glycol broken down?
|
ethylene glycol to oxalic acid (via alcohol dehydrogenase) causes acidosis/nephrotixicity
|
|
|
How is methanol broken down?
|
methanol to formaldehyde and formic acid (via alcohol dehydrogenase) causes severe acidosis, retinal damage
|
|
|
How is ethanol broken down?
|
Ethanol to acetaldehyde via alcohol dehydrogenase (deficient in asians)
acetaldehyde is what makes people sick causes nausea vomiting, hypotension acetaldehyde is broken down to acetic acid (via acetaldehyde dehydrogenase) *disulfiram inhibits acetaldehyde dehyrdogenase |
|
|
What does fomepizole do?
|
inhibits alcohol dehydrogenase
|
|
|
What are sulfa drugs? Patients that are allergic what do they get?
|
celecoxib, furosemide, probenecid, thiazides, TMP-SMX, sulfasalazine, sulfonylureas, acetaxolamide, sulfamide antibiotics
allergy: get rash, fever, SJS, hemolytic anemia, thbomcytopenia, agrnulocytosis, uticaria (hives). symptoms range from mild to life threatening |
|
|
-afil
|
erectile dysfuction (ex. sildenafil)
|
|
|
-ane
|
inhalational general anesthetic (halothane)
|
|
|
-azepam
|
benzodiazepine (diazepam)
|
|
|
-azine
|
phenothiazine (neuroleptic, antiemetic)
ex. chlorpromazine |
|
|
-azole
|
antifungal (ketoconazole)
|
|
|
-barbital
|
barbiturate (phenobarbitol)
|
|
|
-caine
|
local anesthetic (lidocaine)
|
|
|
-cillin
|
antibiotic (penicillin)
|
|
|
-cycline
|
antibiotic, protein synthesis inhibitor (tetracycline)
|
|
|
-etine
|
SSRI (fluxetine)
|
|
|
-ipramine
|
TCA (imipramine
|
|
|
-navir
|
protease inhibitor (saquinavir)
|
|
|
-olol
|
B blocker (propanolol)
|
|
|
-operidol
|
butyrophenone, neuroleptic - haloperidol
|
|
|
-oxin
|
cardiac glycoside - inotrophic agent (digoxin)
|
|
|
-phylline
|
methylxanthine (theophylline) inhibits phosphodiesterase increasing cAMP and causing bronchodilation
|
|
|
-pril
|
ACE inhibitor (captopril)
|
|
|
-tidine
|
H2 antagonist (cimetidine)
|
|
|
- triptan
|
5-HT agonist for migraine (sumatriptan)
|
|
|
-triptyline
|
TCA (amitrptyline)
|
|
|
-tropin
|
pituitary hormone (somototropin)
|
|
|
-zolam
|
benzodiazepine (alprazolam)
|
|
|
-zosin
|
a1 antagonist (prazosin)
|
