Pharmacology Test One

Front 1

When do you not use beta blockers?

Back 1

Brady cardia, glaucoma, low BP

Front 2

What does warfarin treat and how?

Back 2

Prevent blood clotting, prevents the hepatic synthesis of vitamin K.

Front 3

What are the side effects of warfarin?

Back 3

Burning, itching, chills

Front 4

What are the nurse interventions associated with warfarin?

Back 4

Monitor PR and INR lab values, check in mouth for red spots, check for petichae, check for bruising, check stool and urine for blood.

Front 5

What would you educate a patient on who is taking warfarin?

Back 5

Inform dentists of anticoagulant, use a soft tooth brush, shave only with electric razors, encourage smoking cessation, check with physician before taking an OTC, hemorrhage control

Front 6

When do you not administer metoprolol?

Back 6

Heart failure, 2nd and 3rd heart block, Bradycardia.

Front 7

What type of drug is lovenox?

Back 7

Anticoagulant, given to prevent DVT (prophylactic drug).

Front 8

What are the main side effects of lovenox?

Back 8

Nausea, diarrhea, swelling of hands and feet

Front 9

When is lovenox contraindicated?

Back 9

Low platelet count, active bleeding

Front 10

What are some nursing interventions with lovenox?

Back 10

Admirer while laying, check for bruising, check for petichea.

Front 11

What should a patient on lovenox be educated about?

Back 11

Soft toothbrush, tell dentist about anticoagulant, how to administer it into the stomach veins, election razor while shaving.

Front 12

What is metroprolol action?

Back 12

Lower BP

Front 13

What are some of the main side effects of metroprolol?

Back 13

Low BP, bradycardia, dissinezz, fatigue, fainting, nausea, dry mouth

Front 14

What are the nursing interventions associated with metoprolol?

Back 14

Monitor bp, monitor hr,

Front 15

What do thiazides do?

Back 15

Act on distal convoluted renal tubule: promote sodium, chloride, and water excretion

Front 16

What are thiazide diuretics used for?

Back 16

Hypotention, heart failure peripheral edemas, cirrhosis, renal dysfunction

Front 17

What might thiazide diuretics cause UNIQUELY?

Back 17

Hypercalcemia: they promote Ca reabsorbtion.

Front 18

What are the general side effects of thiazide?

Back 18

Hyperglycemia, electrolyte imbalance, hyperlipidemia, hyperuriamia.

Front 19

What nursing interventions are associated with thiazide?

Back 19

Monitor fluid output (30ml per hour or 600ml per day), monitor electrolytes, monitor for hyperkalemia, weigh pt.

Front 20

What should a patient on thiazide be educated about?

Back 20

Adherance, take in morning, keep out of reach of children, herbal interactions, how to take their bo, slowly stand, eat lots of K, take with food.

Front 21

What do loop diuretics act on?

Back 21

Ascending loop of henle to prevent passive sodium reabsorbtion

Front 22

A loop diuretic is called what? Why?

Back 22

Potassium wasting: high excretion of chloride, sodium, water, magnesium.

Front 23

What do loop diuretics treat?

Back 23

Pulmonary edema and HF edema

Front 24

What is a popular loop diuretic? Why must it be administered carefully?

Back 24

Furosemide, if admistered too fast it will cause hearing loss

Front 25

What are the side effects of loop diuretics?

Back 25

Electrolyte imbalance, orthostatic hypotension, hyperchlorimia, metabolic acidosis

Front 26

What are the nursing interventions surround loop diuretics?

Back 26

Keep our of reach of children, take in the morning, take with food, monitor urine Os, weigh pt, administer slowly, monitor for hyperkalemia, monitor serum potassium.

Front 27

What are nitroglycerins used for?

Back 27

Relief of angina.

Front 28

What is nitroglycerins action?

Back 28

Coronary dilation, vasodilation.

Front 29

When are nitroglycerins contraindictaed?

Back 29

Intracranial pressure, cardiomyopathy, severe anemia

Front 30

What are the nursing interventions associated with nitroglycerins?

Back 30

Monitor vitals, position sitting or laying for first dose take bp while sitting/laying and while standing, wear gloves when administering gel.

Front 31

What should patients taking nitroglycerins be educated about?

Back 31

Rise slow, call 911 if pain doesn't subside, avoid alcohil

Front 32

How do sodium channel blockers treat dysrythmia?

Back 32

Slows conduction velocity and amplitude

Front 33

What is atropine used to treat?

Back 33

Bradycardia

Front 34

What is atropine action?

Back 34

Increase HR, decrease salivation

Front 35

What are the side effects of atropine?

Back 35

Tachycardia, palpitations, cardiac dysrhythmia, nasal xongestion

Front 36

When is atropine contraindicated?

Back 36

GLAUCOMA

Front 37

What do anticholinergic drugs do?

Back 37

Increase HR, increase BP, increase AV mode conduction, decrease GI motiloty

Front 38

What do cholinergic agonists do?

Back 38

Decrease HR, lower BP, dilate pupils, slow AV conduction, increase parastalsis, increase GI motility

Front 39

What do Alpha1 receptors do?

Back 39

Vasoconstrict, pupil dilation, decrease saliva, bladder retention, increase cardiac contractility

Front 40

What do Alpha1 receptors do?

Back 40

Decrease GI motility

Front 41

What do beta1 receptors do?

Back 41

Increase cardiac contractility, increase BP, increase HR, increase renin

Front 42

What do beta2 receptors do?

Back 42

Bronchodilation, decrease GI motility

Front 43

When is epinephrine given?

Back 43

Cardiac arrest, anaphylaxis, asthma

Front 44

What receptors does epinephrine act on?

Back 44

A1, b1, b2

Front 45

What is epinephrine action?

Back 45

Bronchodilation, vasoconstriction

Front 46

Is epinephrine direct?

Back 46

Yes

Front 47

What is albuterol given for?

Back 47

COPD, asthma

Front 48

What is albuterols action?

Back 48

Bronchodilation

Front 49

What are the side effects of albuterol?

Back 49

Tachycardia, hypertension, tremors, shakiness/nervousness, cardiac dysrythmia.

Front 50

What are the side effects of adrenergic agonists?

Back 50

Dated pupils, urinary retention, decrease GI motility, hypertension

Front 51

What are the signs and symptoms of digoxin toxicity.

Back 51

Anorexia, bradycardia, PVC, cardiac dysrythmia, visual disturbances, delerium.

Front 52

What are stating given for?

Back 52

High cholesterol.

Front 53

What is the action of a statin?

Back 53

Decrease LDL, decrease VLDL, increase HDL

Front 54

What are the side effects of statins?

Back 54

Peptic ulcer, constipation, dose related increase of liver enzymes

Front 55

What are the nursing interventions around statins?

Back 55

Monitor LDL, HDL and VLDL labs, monitor liver function labs, observe for stomach upset

Front 56

What should a patient on a statin be educated about?

Back 56

Bettering diet, adherence, annual eye exam, report muscle weakness/tenderness, do NOT abruptly stop taking, may take several weeks to work

Front 57

Is metoprolol direct?

Back 57

Yes, betablocking.

Front 58

What are the side effects of metorpolol?

Back 58

Fatigue, dizziness, weakness, dowsy, blurred vision, dry mouth

Front 59

What should a patient on metoprolol be educated about?

Back 59

Don't take with alcohol, avoid driving

Front 60

When is albuterol containdicated?

Back 60

Glaucoma, cardiac dysrythmia.

Front 61

What should a nurse monitor when a patient is on albuterol?

Back 61

Vitals, effect of medicine

Front 62

What should a patient on albuterol be educated about?

Back 62

Report palpitations, take when can't breathe

Front 63

What are the side effects of diphenhydramine?

Back 63

Drowsiness, fatigue, urine retention, decreased resp rate, decrease GI motility

Front 64

What is diphenhydramine's action?

Back 64

Alleviate itching, alleviate allergic rhinitis, relief of motion sickness

Front 65

What should a patient who is taking diphenhydramine be educated about?

Back 65

Don't drice, don't take with alcohol, don't take with MAOI or opoiods or hypnotic s or barbituates

Front 66

What do Ace inhibitors do?

Back 66

Decrease peripheral BP without increased cardiac output, increased cardiac rate, or increased cardiac contractility

Front 67

To what patient might an ace inhibitor be given?

Back 67

One with heart failure and hypertension

Front 68

What do Ace inhibitors end with?

Back 68

OPRIL, APRIL

Front 69

What are some side effects of ace inhibitors?

Back 69

Dizziness, COUGH, GI distress, headache

Front 70

What are the nursing interventions surround ace inhibitors?

Back 70

Monitor BP, monitor fluid/electrolyte balance

Front 71

What might ace inhibitors cause?

Back 71

Hyponatremia, hyperkalemia

Front 72

What type of drug are beta blockers?

Back 72

Antihypertensive

Front 73

What is the action of a betablockers?

Back 73

Lower BP by acting on beta receptors in the heart, also lowers cardiac contractility.

Front 74

What are the side effects of beta blockers?

Back 74

Dizzy, weak, bradycardia, bronchoconstriction, dry mouth

Front 75

What are beta blockers?

Back 75

Adenergic antagonists

Hint 75

AA

Front 76

What is the action of osmotic diuretics?

Back 76

Ncrease NA absorb to on into proximal tubule and loop of henle

Front 77

What do loop diuretics do?

Back 77

Na, water, and Cl excretion

Front 78

What do osmotic dire tics treat?

Back 78

Intracranial pressure, intra ocular pressure, prevents kidney failure

Front 79

What are some side effects of osmotic diuretics?

Back 79

Electrolyte imbalance, pulmonary edema, nausea, vomitting, tachycardia, acidosis

Front 80

What are osmotic diuretics contraindicated?

Back 80

HEART FAILURE, heart disease, renal failure

Front 81

What are the nursing interventions associated with osmotic diuretics?

Back 81

Monitor urine output, monitor fluid/electrolyte balances, monitor vitals, monitor for hypokalemia

Front 82

What might osmotic diuretics cause UNIQUELY?

Back 82

Hypokalemia

Front 83

What should a patient taking an osmotic diureti, be educated about?

Back 83

Rise slowly, take in morning, take with food

Front 84

What receptors does metoprolol affect?

Back 84

Beta1 selective