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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Influences bulk, softness and hydration of stool
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fiber
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food contents that are resistant to enzymatic digestion
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fiber
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increases stool weight
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bran
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more than 40% fiber and left over flour production
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bran
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osmotically active agents
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saline laxatives
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cause water retention via osmotic mechanisms which increases peristalsis
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saline laxatives
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contain magnesium or PO4 ions
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saline laxatives
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nondigestible sugars/alcohols
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lactulose/sorbitol/mannitol
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short chain fatty acids
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lactulose/sorbitol/mannitol
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stimulate colonic motility by drawing water into the lumen by osmosis
**opioid induced constipation |
lactulose/sorbitol/mannitol
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wetting agent/emollients
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docusate salts
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anionic surfactants
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docusate salts
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lowers stool surface tension
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docusate salts
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AEs= interference with absorption of vitamins, foreign body reactions and leakage of oils (mineral oil)
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docusate salts
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direct actions on enterocytes, enteric neurons and GI smooth muscle (inflammation of bowel)
**BISACODYL |
stimulant/irritant laxatives
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activation of prostaglandins, NO, platelet activating factor production, inhibition of proton pump
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stimulant/irritant laxatives
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plant derivatives and contain monoanthrones which are converted to dianthrones and glycosides (stimulant/irritant laxatives)
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anthraquinone laxatives
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stimulant/irritant laxatives: anthraquinone laxatives
process of converting monoanthrones to dianthrones is revered by |
colon bacteria to generate active agents
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AEs=melanotic pigmentation and cathartic colon (nerve damage)
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anthraquinone laxatives of stimulant laxatives
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Contains ricin and triglyceride ricinoleic acid which is hydrolyzed into glycerin in small bowel
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castor oil stimulant laxatives
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bowel distension and evacuation reflex
**glycerin is an alcohol that is a hygroscopic agent and lubricant |
enemas and suppositories
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stimulate absorption and inhibit fluid/electrolyte secretion
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alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonists
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clonidine
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alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonists
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inhibits hormone secretion
*SST analogue |
Octreotide
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Verapamil/Nifedipine
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calcium channel blockers
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reduce motility and promote electrolyte and water absorption
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calcium channel blockers
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plant alkaloid which also reduces motility and promotes electrolyte/water absorption
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berberine
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