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61 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the nursing process?
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assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, evaluation
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What are the elements of a prescription?
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Patient, date, name and route of drug, dose of drug, frequency, and signed by a physician
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What are the five rights of medication administration?
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right patient, drug, dose, route, time
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Where in the nursing process does the rights of administration come in?
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implementation
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What type of drug has the fastest absorption?
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IV
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What drug is 100% bioavalability?
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IV
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Of oral drugs, which one has the fastest absorption?
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liquid
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Of oral drugs, which one has the slowest absorption?
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enteric coated
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First pass effect
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some of the drug is inactivated before entering circulation
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What are the only drugs that are susceptible to the first pass effect?
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oral
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enteral
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drugs that are absorbed with stomach or small intestine
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Parenteral
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anything that isn't GI
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Topical
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anything that touches the outside fo your body or including rectum, this avoid first pass effect, except rectally
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How does medication get from one place to another?
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binds to a protein to be distributed
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If a medication is highly protein bound, what does that mean?
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have a longer duration
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If a drug is not bound to a protein what is it?
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toxic
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How many half lives to medicines typically have?
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5
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When should you check a peak level?
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after 30-60 minutes
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When should you check the trough level?
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30 minutes before the next does
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Acute therapy
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more intensive drug treatment
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Maintenance therapy
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long term, taking the med over and over
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Supplemental therapy
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taking the med to replace what the body is not making; insulin and thyroid hormone
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Pallative
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making the pt pain free
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Supportive
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giving blood, trying to improve their body function
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Prophylactic
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in order to prevent the pt from getting something
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Therapeutic index
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narrow window, the amount of the drug I'm giving you that can be effective
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Tolerance
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a decreasing response to a drug
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Dependence
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addiction, be it psychological or physical
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Additive affect
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when two drugs with similar actions are given together they enhance each other
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Synergistic
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two drugs given together to make the first drug work better
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Antagonistic drug interaction
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taking two pills together that decrease the effectiveness of each other
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Teratogenic
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causes damage to unborn fetus
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Carcinogenic
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causes cancer
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Idiocyncratic effect
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not what you expect to happen with giving a drug
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ml --> teaspoon
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5 ml = 1 teaspoon
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ml --> tablespoon
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15 ml = 1 tablespoon
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ml --> oz
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30 ml = 1 oz
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gr --> mg
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1 gr = 60 mg
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lb --> kg
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1 lb = 2.2 Kg
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microdrip tubing = what?
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60 gtts/cc
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mg --> mcg
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1 mg = 1000 mcg
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legend drugs
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drugs that cannot be prescribed without a dr. order
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Who was the first people to regulate drug release?
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FDA
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What are the 4 stages of drug trials?
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1 - healthy people - figure proper dosage
2- people with the problem 3-thousands of people - side effects 4-post marketing |
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Beneficence
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balance of risks and benefits
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Nonmaleficence
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do no harm, the harm cannot be greater than the benefit of the drugs
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Autonomy
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the pt has the right to make the decisions for themselves
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Justice
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you have faireness and equality in obtaining resources
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Veracity
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truth
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Confidentiality
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you do not tell other people about what other people have
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What law classified narcotics by strength?
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Controlled Substance Act 1970
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What is a class I Narcotic?
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highest level of control, no accepted uses (Heroin, LSD, Marijuana)
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What is a class II narcotic?
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does ahve a medically accepted use, it does have a high potential of abuse, cannot be called in over the pone, must have a written perscription, only written for 30 days and cannot be refilled
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What is a class III narcotic?
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less severe, can get a 30 day supple with up to 5 refills, the prescription expires in 6 months
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What is a class IV narcotic?
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like class 3 but with less addiction value (Valium, sleeping pills)
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What is a class V narcotic?
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can get perscription for a year
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If you have a med error what do you do for the pt verbally?
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tell them what happened
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If you have a med error on a pt that is not all there what do you have to do?
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tell the family
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Adverse reaction
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any unexpected thing that happens
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Side effect
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is expected
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What does a low therapeutic index imply?
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the drug has a narrow margin of safety; relatively unsafe because the range between the drug's lethal dose and its effective dose is small
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