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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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can be taken orally, have a longer duration than the catecholamines, and can cross the blood-brain barrier.
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noncatecholamines
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cannot be taken orally, have s shorter duration of action, and cannot cross the BBB
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catecholamines
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Activation of alpha1 receptors
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vasoconstriction and mydriasis
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Major adverse effects that can result from alpha1 activation
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hypertension and local necrosis (if extravasation occurs)
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Activation of cardiac beta1 receptors
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increases heart rate, force of contraction, and conduction through the atrioventricular (AV) node
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Potential adverse effects from beta1 activation
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tachycardia, dysrhythmias, and angina
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adverse effects from beta2 activation
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hyperglycemia (mainly in diabetic patients) and tremor
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catecholamine that activates alpha1, alpha2, beta1, and beta2 receptors
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Epinephrine
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treating anaphylactic shock by elevate blood pressure, suppress glottal edema, and counteract bronchoconstriction
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epinephrine
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should not be combined with MAO inhibitors and should be used cautiously in patients taking tricyclic antidepressants, can cause hyperglycemia in diabetic patients
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epinephrine
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major adverse effects of alpha blockers
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orthostatic hypotension
reflex tachycardia nasal congestion inhibition of ejaculation |
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What is it called when the first dose of an alpha blocker can cause fainting from profound orthostatic hypotension
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the first dose effect
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what can eliminate the risk of the first dose effect
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administering the medication at bedtime
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alpha1 antagonist that causes dilation of arterioles and veins, and relaxation of smooth muscle in the bladder neck (trigone and sphincter) and prostatic capsule
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Prazosin
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adverse effects from beta1 blockade
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bradycardia, reduced cardiac output, AV block, and precipitation of heart failure (even though some beta blockers are used to treat heart failure)
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adverse effects from beta2 blockade
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bronchoconstriction (a concern for people with asthma) and reduced glycogenolysis (a concern for people with diabetes).
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alpha1 antagonist that is used to treat BPH, is selective for receptors on the bladder and prostate, and has a decreased risk of orthostatic hypotension
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Tamsulosin
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alpha1 antognist typically used to treat hypertension
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Prazosin
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