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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is a bactericidal?
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It kills bacteria usually by interfering with cell synthesis
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What is a Bacteriostatic?
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It inhibits cell growth and multiplication by interfering with protein synthesis.
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What 4 things can affect a drugs stability?
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Time, heat, light and exposure to oxygen.
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What is R-factor?
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Resistance is due to plasmids and the R-factor plasmids are able to be passed onto future generations of bacteria and to other strains of bacteria.
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What three tools can be used to select the appropriate antibiotic?
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Clinic experience, Gram stain and Culture and Sensitivity.
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What is the MIC?
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The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration. The smallest amout of an antibiotic needed that will kill or inhibit the organism.
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What is an antagonistic effect?
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The drugs together have less of an affect then when used alone. Cidal + Static.
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What is an additive effect?
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The effect of both drugs is equal to their effects alone. Static + Static.
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What is a Synergistic effect?
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The effect of both drugs is increased when used together. Cidal + Cidal.
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What makes up clavamox?
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Amoxicillin + Clavulanate potassium
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What does Penicillinase do?
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It destroys the beta lactam ring of the penicillin molecule. This allows the bacteria to be resistant to penicillin.
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Are tetracyclines static or cidal?
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Static
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What are three possible toxic side effects from aminoglycosides?
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Nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity and neuromuscular problems.
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Are penicillins static or cidal?
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Cidal
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What's the penicillin that the first important modification was made to?
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Penicillin V.
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What organism are aminoglycosides effective against?
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Pseudomas, Gram -.
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Why would you avoid giving fluoroquinolones to young animals?
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It can damage the cartilage and affect their development.
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What two macrolides are painful if injected IM?
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Erythromycin and tylosin.
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What are sulfonamides affect against?
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Protozoa - coccidia.
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It's an intestional parasite.
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What drug would you choose to use for an UTI?
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Sulfonamide, it's excreted in it's active form.
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What chloramphenical is used for humans?
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Florphenical - Nuflor (R).
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Why do you give amphotericin every other day?
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It has a long half-life, it takes a long time to metabolize it.
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What two antifungals have a delayed onset of action?
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Ketoconizole and Itraconazole.
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What drug should not be given with Amphotercin B (R)?
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Aminoglycosides.
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