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67 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The (parasympathetic/sympathetic) system passes through the paravertebral sympathetic chain before reaching the organs
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sympathetic
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Adrenaline is delivered to the pupil by blood from the _______ gland
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adrenal gland
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The outside of the eye is called?
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The radial dilator pupillae
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The inside of the eye is called?
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The circular constrictor pupillae
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The sympathetic neurone innervates noradrenaline to which part of the eye?
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Radial dilator pupillae
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The parasympathetic nerve III innervates acetyl choline into which part of the eye?
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The circular constricotr pupillae
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splanchnic nerve is essentially a (preganglionic/postganglionic) neurone
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preganglionic neurone
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Which receptor releases noradrenaline and adrenaline?
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Nicotinic receptor
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Prazosin (a1 adrenoceptor blocker) causes a
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a faster drop in contraction
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Suramin (ATP receptor antagonist) causes a
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delay in contraction
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Both prazosin and suramin causes
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no contraction
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When neuropeptide Y is realeased along with noradrenaline it acts as a .....
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neuromodulator
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ATP and ACh is a (rapid/intermediate/slow) response
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rapid
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NO and NA is a (rapid/intermediate/slow) response
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intermediate
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NPY and VIP is a (rapid/intermediate/slow) response
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slow
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The potency for alpha receptor is (higher/lower) for NA than isoprenaline
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higher
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The potency for beta receptor is (higher/lower) for NA than isoprenaline
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lower
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What organs are involved in alpha 1 receptor?
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smooth muscle constriction
blood vessels glands |
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What organs are involved in alpha 2 receptor?
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smooth muscle constriction
presynaptic receptor (negative) |
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What organs are involved in beta 1 receptor?
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Heart - increased force rate and conduction
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What organs are involved in beta 2 receptor?
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Smooth muscle - dilation of bronchioles and blood vessels
Metabolism - glycogenolysis |
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What organs are involved in beta 3 receptor?
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Fat - lipolysis
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Alpha 1 stimulates which g protein?
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Gq
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Gq stimulates what?
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phospholipase C
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Phospholipase C stimulates 2 things
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IP3 and DAG
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IP3 causes a release of Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum (True/false)
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True
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DAG stimulates _______ and phosphorylation occurs
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protein kinase C
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To stimulate CAMP adenylyl cyclase stimulates (Gs/GI)
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GI
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CAMP then activates protein kinase __ for phosphorylation
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A
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To inhibit adenylyl cyclase (Gs/GI) is stimulated
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Gs
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(alpha/beta) adrenoceptor mediated contraction of the dilator pupillae muscle in the iris - pupil dilation
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alpha
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Eyes widen - (alpha/beta) adrenoceptor mediated contraction of the levator palpabrae in the upper eyelid
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alpha
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Increase frequency of heart rate - (alpha/beta) adrenoceptor on positive chronotropic response from heart
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beta1
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Increase force of heart rate - (alpha/beta) adrenoceptor on positive ionotropic response from heart muscle
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beta1
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Piloerection - (alpha/beta) adrenoceptor on the pilomotor muscles controlling hair shaft angle
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alpha
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Colour drained from face - (alpha/beta) adrenoceptor mediated constriction of superficial blood vessels
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alpha
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Shaking with fear after - (alpha/beta) adrenoceptor affect control of muscle spindles in skeletal muscle
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beta2
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Increase strength - (alpha/beta) adrenoceptor, increase blood sugar blood flow to muscle and dilates bronchioles
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beta
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which receptor is involved in the G.I. tract - sphincter contracts?
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beta1
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beta 3 is involved in.....
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fat lipolysis
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bronchioles dilate (alpha1/beta1/beta2/beta3)
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beta 2
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Skeletal muscle tremor (alpha1/beta1/beta2/beta3)
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beta 2
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uterus relax (alpha1/beta1/beta2/beta3)
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beta 2
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non-sphincter relax (alpha1/beta1/beta2/beta3)
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beta 1
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liver glycogenolysis (alpha1/beta1/beta2/beta3)
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beta 2
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noradrenaline does not bind with (a1/a2/b1/b2)
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b2
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Adrenaline binds with (a1/a2/b1/b2)
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all
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phenylephrine is a __ agonist
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a1
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Isoprenaline is a ___ agonist
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b1 and b2
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Salbutamol is a ___ agonist
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b2
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what are the 3 indirect sympathomimetric?
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ephedrine, tyramine, amphetamine
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the therapeutic use for (adrenaline/noradrenaline/isoprenaline) is:
Cardiac arrest Anaphylactic shock Prolongaton of local anaesthesia Topical haemostatic agent |
Adrenaline
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the therapeutic use for (adrenaline/noradrenaline/isoprenaline) is shock
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noradrenaline
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the therapeutic use for bradycardia is (adrenaline/noradrenaline/isoprenaline)
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Isoprenaline
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the therapeutic use for (Ephedrine & pseudoephedrine/ Oxymetazoline/Amphetamine) is nasal decongestant stimulant
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Ephedrine and pseudoephedrine
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the therapeutic use for (Ephedrine & pseudoephedrine/ Oxymetazoline/Amphetamine) is nasal decongestant stimulant
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Ephedrine and pseudoephedrine
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the therapeutic use for (Ephedrine & pseudoephedrine/ Oxymetazoline/Amphetamine) is nasal decongestant
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Oxymetazoline
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the therapeutic use for (Ephedrine & pseudoephedrine/ Oxymetazoline/Amphetamine) is narcolepsy and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder
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Amphetamine
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What are the symptoms for ergotism?
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hallucination and convulsions
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What is ergometrine used to control?
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post-partum haemorrhage
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What are the 4 sympathomimetics that acts as decongestants in cough and cold medicine?
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ephedrine
pseudoephedrine phenylephrine phenylpropanolamine |
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(Salbutamol and salmeterol/tyramine/dobutamine) is used to treat brochodilator in asthma prevention of premature labour
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Salbutamol and salmeterol
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(Salbutamol and salmeterol/tyramine/dobutamine) is used for the 'cheese reaction' with MAO inhibitors
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Tyramine
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(Salbutamol and salmeterol/tyramine/dobutamine) is used for acute heart failure
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Dobutamine
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(Dopamine/Clonidine/beta 3 agonists) is used to treat acute heart failure
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Dopamine
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(Dopamine/Clonidine/beta 3 agonists) is used to treat hypertension
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clonidine
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(Dopamine/Clonidine/beta 3 agonists) is used for weight reduction
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beta 3 agonists
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