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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is important in UTI drugs?
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that they achieve adequate and effective concentration of these drugs in the kidney and bladder upon oral administration
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What is Nitrofurantoin used for?
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this is a wide spectrum antibiotic for UTIs
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What does Nitrofurantoin NOT work against?
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porteus organisms and pseudomonas bugs
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Does Nitrofurantoin have any antibiotic effect outside the bladder?
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no it is too protein bound
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What is the major respiratory complication of Nitrofurantoin?
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Intersitial pulmonary fibrosis
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What does Nitrofurantoin due to urine color?
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turns it brown
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When should Nitrofurantoin not be used?
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in pregnancy and impaired renal function
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What does Methenamine turn into in the urinary tract?
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this decomposes to formaldahyde
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How does Methenamine affect bacteria?
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when this breaks into formaldehyde, it binds to amino groups which inactivates bacterial proteins
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Is there bacterial resistance to Methenamine?
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NO, because there is no resistance to formaldehyde
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How toxic is Methenamine?
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this is non toxic, because it doesnt do anything until its in an acidic environment
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How does Nalidixic acid work?
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this inhibits DNA synthesis of G- organisms
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What is the major drug interaction of Nalidixic acid?
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if you use Nitrofurantoin this antagonizes the action of Nalidixic acid
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What bug is Nalidixic acid NOT effective against?
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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What is Ciprofloxacin active against?
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa
MRSA |
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What infection locations is Ciprofloxacin best against?
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lower respiratory
skin bone and joints |
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How does Ciprofloxacin work?
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this inhibits DNA gyrase of bacteria
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What bugs does Ciprofloxacin kill? (HUGE list)
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E coli
klebsiella Cholera proteus psudomonas staph a staph e strep salmonella camplyobacter tersinia virbio H infuenzae/ducreyi moracella neisseria TB |
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What is the mechanism of resistance to Ciprofloxacin?
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mutation of topoisomerase enzyme
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What interferes with absorption of Ciprofloxacin?
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Mg++ containing antacids
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What are the only shortcomings of Ciprofloxacin ? (3)
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doesnt work against S. neumoniae
poor CNS penetration Not effective agaisnt anerobes |
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What are the major side effects of Ciprofloxacin?
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long QT
elevated enzymes GI distruances Tendon Rupture |
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What is Norfloxacin similar to?
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Ciprofloxacin
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What does Norfloxacin NOT treat?
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C diff
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What is Ofloaxin similar to?
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Ciprofloxacin
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What does Levofloxacin treat?
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G+, G-, inculding tubercle bacilli
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What does Levofloxacin not interact with, that Ciprofloxacin does?
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Theophylline
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What is Trovafloaxin only given to treat?
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restricted to some life or limb threatening infections
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What is Moxiflxacin?
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this is oral once a day broad spectrum fluoroquinolone
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What does Moxiflxacin treat well?
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pneumococci
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What is Moxiflxacin used to treat in general?
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bronchitis, sinusitis, penumonia
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What tissues does Moxiflxacin penetrate well?
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this gets into the respiratory tissues
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How is Moxiflxacin metabolized?
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through glucuronide and sulfate conjugation in the liver
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How is Gatifloxacin given?
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ONLY topical, for ocular infections
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